High yield and simple one-step production of carbon black nanoparticles from waste tires

Abstract

Carbon black (CB), a material consisting of finely divided particles, can be obtained by the partial combustion of heavy petroleum feedstock. The commercial preparation of CB nanoparticles require sophisticated equipment, chemical pre-treatment, and combination of complex separation and purification techniques. CB nanoparticles can also be recovered from scrubbed rubber, but yields are modest and the process is technically complex. Here, we report the development of a simple and inexpensive method for the preparation of CB nanoparticles from waste tires. Under optimal conditions, the yield of recovered CB nanoparticles (∼22 nm) was of approximately 81%; the nanomaterial presents good thermal stability and conductivity, and forms chain-like agglomerates; chemical composition analysis and solubility tests indicates that it is partly oxidized (C, 84.9%; S, 10.21%; O, 4.9%). The product was fully characterized by FTIR, Raman, TGA, BET, SEM and TEM. This preparation method could become a viable alternative to reduce the large amount of waste tires and decreasing their negative environmental impact, producing good quality CB nanoparticles useful for batteries, sensors, electronic devices, catalysis, pigments, concrete, and plastics, among many other applications.

Waste-Derived Nanoparticles: Synthesis Approaches, Environmental Applications, and Sustainability Considerations

“…Within 5 min, all the impurities, such as sulfur, zinc, and oxygen, have been removed (Maroufi et al, 2017 ). Another facile and low-cost method for the preparation of carbon black nanoparticles from waste tires was reported by Gómez-Hernández et al ( 2019 ). Briefly, thermal transformation under the high temperature (1,000°C) and self-pressurized conditions produced carbon nanoparticles (~22 nm) with high yield (about 81%) under the optimized conditions.…”

Utilization of Pyrolytic Carbon Black Waste for the Development of Sustainable Materials

“…Carbon black is an extremely fine, one-dimensionally conductive, and spherical shape material that has a higher surface to volume ratio due to its size. It contains a very small quantity of oxygen while the extent of carbon in carbon black is >98% [41]. Moreover, it can be produced underneath the control environment due to the deficient ignition or thermal decomposition of gaseous or fluid hydrocarbons [3,41].…”

“…It contains a very small quantity of oxygen while the extent of carbon in carbon black is >98% [41]. Moreover, it can be produced underneath the control environment due to the deficient ignition or thermal decomposition of gaseous or fluid hydrocarbons [3,41]. The material is usually obtained from waste tires through the help of the pyrolysis technique [46].…”

“…It is a very popular material in the rubber industry because it enhances the resistance and mechanical properties of rubber. Usually, it is identified as a pyrolytic carbon black due to its higher % friction in tires and carbonaceous materials [37,40], since around 74-76% of tires are manufactured with carbon built substantial [41]. Earlier experimental studies on the recycling and utilization of carbon black have been done by numerous researchers [25,[41][42][43].…”

“…Usually, it is identified as a pyrolytic carbon black due to its higher % friction in tires and carbonaceous materials [37,40], since around 74-76% of tires are manufactured with carbon built substantial [41]. Earlier experimental studies on the recycling and utilization of carbon black have been done by numerous researchers [25,[41][42][43]. Previous research also elaborates that carbon black is helpful to minimize the crack appearance in concrete prisms when they are subjected to bending, and it also enhances their conductivity and mechanical assets [42,44].…”