Higher Glutamate to Glutamine Ratios in Occipital Regions in Women With Migraine During the Interictal State

Aleja, Jesús González de la; Ramos, Adriana Roese; Mato‐Abad, Virginia; Martínez-Salio, A; Hernández-Tamames, Juan Antonio; Molina, José Antonio; Hernández-Gallego, Jesús; Álvarez‐Linera, Juan

doi:10.1111/head.12030

Cited by 63 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Glutamate and glutamine are important in neurotransmission and energy metabolism. In this study, a more elevated Glu/Gln ratio was found in the brains of migraineurs during the pain‐free interval, which the authors suggest could facilitate CSD in the occipital lobe of migraineurs . They caution the study is limited by a small sample size (27 migraineurs and 19 controls), but that a statistical difference in the Glu/Gln ratio between groups was detected .…”

mentioning

confidence: 58%

“…In this study, a more elevated Glu/Gln ratio was found in the brains of migraineurs during the pain-free interval, which the authors suggest could facilitate CSD in the occipital lobe of migraineurs. 25 They caution the study is limited by a small sample size (27 migraineurs and 19 controls), but that a statistical difference in the Glu/Gln ratio between groups was detected. 25 Although linkage with a known genetic disorder has not been established, low function of glutamate in neurons is associated with schizophrenia, [19][20][21] and some neurological disorders are accompanied by the appearance of antibodies or autoantigen activity to glutamate receptor subunits (eg, GluR3 in Rasmussen's encephalitis).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Animal experiments have shown that glutamate can affect spreading depression and that consumption of glutamate‐rich food can provoke migraine attacks in predisposed subjects . Recently, Gonzalez de la Aleja et al quantified the metabolites glutamate and glutamine by proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy in neurons and astrocytes in the occipital lobe of a group of women with migraine . Glutamate and glutamine are important in neurotransmission and energy metabolism.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…10 Recently, Gonzalez de la Aleja et al quantified the metabolites glutamate and glutamine by proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy in neurons and astrocytes in the occipital lobe of a group of women with migraine. 25 Glutamate and glutamine are important in neurotransmission and energy metabolism. In this study, a more elevated Glu/Gln ratio was found in the brains of migraineurs during the pain-free interval, which the authors suggest could facilitate CSD in the occipital lobe of migraineurs.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Genetic Analysis of GRIA2 and GRIA4 Genes in Migraine

et al. 2013

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confidence: 58%

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Genetic Analysis of GRIA2 and GRIA4 Genes in Migraine

et al. 2013

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“…During the attack increased levels of glutamate were found in the cerebrospinal fluid of migraine patients [97]. Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy revealed that a higher glutamate/glutamine ratio is present in migrainous women during the interictal phase compared to controls in the occipital cortex [100], supporting the presence of altered GLU metabolism in migraine.…”

Section: Cortical Hyperexcitability In Migrainementioning

confidence: 84%

Tryptophan Catabolites and Migraine

Bohár

Párdutz

Vécsei

2016

CPD

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Abstract:Migraine is a highly disabling neurological condition affecting around 15% of the population worldwide.Decades of intensive research shed some light on diseases pathomechanism, but information is still missing about the initiation of the attack. In the past century, serotonin emerged as the main target of both basic and therapeutic research. As a result, the triptans, the only approved migraine specific drugs were developed. The involvement of glutamatergic mechanism in migraine headache development such as cortical hyperexcitability, and cortical spreading depression as the pathological correlate of migraine aura called the attention to the kynurenine pathway in migraine pathomechanism. The serotonin and kynurenine pathways are closely connected, as they both are the metabolic routes of the amino acid tryptophan. Kynurenine catabolites are important participants in glutamatergic neurotransmission, regulation also nociceptive processing of the trigeminal system. The current work attempts to collect recent data on both serotonin and kynurenine research related to migraine and emphasizes the importance of further research on this topic.

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The longitudinal influence of tDCS on occipital GABA and glutamate/glutamine levels in episodic migraineurs

Pohl

Wyss

Sándor

et al. 2023

J of Neuroscience Research

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This study investigated differences in the concentration of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and the combination of glutamine and glutamate (as GLX) in the early visual cortex of patients with episodic migraine and the influence of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on GABA and GLX. In this single-blind, sham-controlled trial, we randomly assigned patients with episodic migraine to receive daily anodal tDCS or sham stimulation. In addition, we included healthy controls. We acquired proton MR spectroscopy data of the visual cortex with 3 Tesla MRI at baseline and from migraine patients directly after the stimulation period and 4 months later. In 22 migraineurs and 25 controls, the GABA and the GLX concentrations did not differ at baseline between the groups. tDCS resulted in reduced concentrations of GABA but not GLX or the migraine frequency directly after the stimulation period, but not 4 months later.The changes in the levels of GABA in the early visual cortex of patients with episodic migraine in the interictal period suggest an effect of tDCS that allowed for subsequent changes in the migraine frequency. However, we might have missed relevant variations in the concentrations of these neurotransmitters during the follow-up period, as changes in migraine frequency appeared after the first MRI and disappeared before the second.

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Higher Glutamate to Glutamine Ratios in Occipital Regions in Women With Migraine During the Interictal State

Cited by 63 publications

References 47 publications

Genetic Analysis of GRIA2 and GRIA4 Genes in Migraine

Genetic Analysis of GRIA2 and GRIA4 Genes in Migraine

Tryptophan Catabolites and Migraine

The longitudinal influence of tDCS on occipital GABA and glutamate/glutamine levels in episodic migraineurs

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