Higher-Order Thinking Skills in Primary School: Teachers’ Perceptions of Islamic Education

Abstract

One curriculum policy in countries, including Indonesia, is to provide students with higher-order thinking skills (HOTS) to meet the challenges of the 21st century, and success in doing so is closely related to the competence of teachers in integrating HOTS in the learning process. This study investigated HOTS implementation in Islamic Education (PAI) in primary schools in Indonesia. This study employed a case study design involving 58 PAI teachers in primary schools from several West Java, Indonesia regencies. The data were collected by distributing questionnaires with short answers followed by semi-structured interviews of 10 participants. Inductive and thematic data analysis was carried out to identify, evaluate, and create themes expressed by participants with the assistance of NVivo 12. Triangulation and expert review methods were used for instrument and data validation. This study explored five findings: teacher understanding, teaching resource support, instructional strategies, and student knowledge levels. This research contributes to improving the quality of PAI learning in HOTS-oriented primary schools, and policymakers can use its findings in determining the direction of the HOTS-based PAI curriculum. Policymakers should stress the importance of increasing teacher competence in mastering the HOTS concept comprehensively in planning, implementation, and evaluation. Support from various parties in optimizing HOTS-oriented PAI learning is a necessity for teachers.

Improving Students' Critical Thinking Skills: Is Interactive Video and Interactive Web Module Beneficial?

“…In order to understand the learning process, students must develop deep and high-level thinking skills [49]. Critical thinking skills become essential for students to have because they can help students make decisions [50][1] [51].…”

Development of the Religious Character of the Nation through Learning Religious Songs: Teachers’ Perception and Challenges

“…The NVivo 12 plus program was used to develop coding and categorization. Data from surveys and interviews were entered into Nodes and Cases to be grouped into data with certain codes (Jackson & Bazeley, 2019;Kosasih et al, 2021). In order to understand how concepts were arranged on different levels, thematic maps were used to identify possible connections between concepts (Aliyyah et al, 2020).…”

“…Therefore, exploring the teachers' perception of strengthening religious character through religious songs is novel to fill the research gaps.. Therefore, this research is motivated to analyze how the teacher's perception of religious songs in relation to the character learning process, considering that education is not only a transfer of knowledge but a transfer of values (Kosasih et al, 2021;Taja et al, 2021).…”

High Order Thinking Skill (HOTS) based Learning Module Design: Study at Youth Sub-Level I Sunday School/Evangelism Shoots

“…Higher order thinking skills atau disingkat HOTS, bila diartikan adalah keterampilan berpikir tingkat tinggi. Menurut Kosasih et al, (2022), HOTS adalah keterampilan berpikir tingkat tinggi yang menuntut pemikiran secara kritis, kreatif, analitis, terhadap informasi dan data dalam memecahkan permasalahan. "Kemampuan berpikir tingkat tinggi terdiri dari pemikiran logis, pemikiran kritis dan kemampuan penalaran yang merupakan kemampuan dasar dalam kehidupan sehari-hari, terlepas dari prestasi akademisnya" (Tuaputty, 2021).…”