Tuberculosis in Germany: a declining trend coming to an end?To the Editor:In the context of the newly adopted World Health Organization (WHO) End TB strategy, an action framework towards tuberculosis (TB) elimination in low incidence countries has been launched [1,2]. Its aim is to reach pre-elimination of TB (less than 10 cases per one million inhabitants) by 2035 and TB elimination (less than one case per one million inhabitants) by 2050. Germany belongs to the addressed countries and territories with a TB incidence lower than 10 cases per 100 000 inhabitants. To reach these targets, Germany would have to have an annual reduction in the TB incidence of about 10% [1, 2].However, electronic TB notification data available for 2001 through 2014 indicate an end of the declining trend for Germany (figure 1): case numbers and notification rates in the past 2 years exceeded the levels of 2012, reaching 4488 TB cases and 5.6 cases per 100 000 inhabitants in 2014 [3]. This observation is supported by more in-depth analyses.First, we investigated the 5-year TB trend in terms of average percentage changes in case notification rates as suggested by the WHO [4] and the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) [5]. We observed an average increase of 0.9% per year over the period from 2010 through 2014, while all previous 5-year spans showed decreases (figure 1).Secondly, we assessed whether the 6.3% increase in TB notification rate for 2014 compared to 2012 was statistically significant using the z-test to compare two proportions (5% level of significance; two-sided).667