Higher risk of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.4/5 infection than of BA.2 infection after previous BA.1 infection, the Netherlands, 2 May to 24 July 2022

Andeweg, Stijn P.; Gier, Brechje de; Vennema, Harry; Walle, Ivo Van; Maarseveen, Noortje van; Kusters, Nina E.; Melker, Hester E. de; Hahné, Susan; Hof, Susan van den; Eggink, Dirk; Knol, Mirjam J.

doi:10.2807/1560-7917.es.2023.28.7.2200724

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 15 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…This may be attributed to incomplete responses to the questionnaires from affected individuals, preventing us from drawing additional conclusions. While our data do not permit the differentiation of symptomatic cases between vaccinated and unvaccinated individuals, other studies have indicated a higher likelihood of infection among the unvaccinated [ 9 , 26 ]. Our findings underscore the need for additional information regarding the quantity and timing of vaccinations.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 76%

“…In previous waves, including the Delta variant and those preceding Omicron, a significant number of individuals were not vaccinated. However, vaccination, particularly booster shots, plays a crucial role in providing protection against severe Omicron infections and the need for hospitalization [ 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 ]. Nevertheless, the vaccination data within our study are limited, given the relatively high number of unreported cases.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Clinical Manifestations of Infections with the Omicron Sub-Lineages BA.1, BA.2, and BA.5: A Retrospective Follow-Up Analysis of Public Health Data from Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, Germany

Goller,

Ziemann,

Kohler

et al. 2024

Viruses

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The Omicron variants BA.1, BA.2, and BA.5 caused several waves of SARS-CoV-2 in Germany in 2022. In this comparative study, public health data on SARS-CoV-2 infections from Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, Germany, between January and October 2022 were examined retrospectively using Pearson’s chi-squared tests and Fisher’s exact tests for testing for statistical significance. Compared to BA.5 infections, BA.1 and BA.2 infections affected younger individuals aged up to 19 years significantly more often, whereas BA.5 infections occurred significantly more frequently in patients between 40 and 59 years of age when compared to BA.1 and BA.2. Infections with all three variants predominantly caused flu-like symptoms; nevertheless, there were significant differences between the reported symptoms of BA.1, BA.2, and BA.5 infections. Especially, the symptoms of ‘fever’, ‘severe feeling of sickness’, ‘loss of taste’, and ‘loss of smell’ were significantly more often present in patients with BA.5 infections compared to BA.1 and BA.2 cases. Additionally, BA.2 and BA.5 cases reported significantly more often the symptoms of ‘runny nose’ and ‘cough’ than BA.1-infected cases. Our findings indicate remarkable differences in the clinical presentations among the sub-lineages, especially in BA.5 infections. Furthermore, the study demonstrates a powerful tool to link epidemiological data with genetic data in order to investigate their potential impact on public health.

show abstract

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 76%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Manifestations of Infections with the Omicron Sub-Lineages BA.1, BA.2, and BA.5: A Retrospective Follow-Up Analysis of Public Health Data from Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, Germany

Goller,

Ziemann,

Kohler

et al. 2024

Viruses

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…During the study period, sequentially Omicron BA.1, BA.2, BA.5 and to a lesser extent BA.4 caused the majority of the infections in the Netherlands. In previous Dutch studies, vaccine effectiveness was not significantly different between Omicron subvariants but previous BA.1 infections conferred lower protection to BA.4/5 compared to BA.2 (18, 19). For infections before the study period, the variant of infection is not known for certain, and variants are highly correlated with calendar time, thus complicating disentangling effects of variants and time since infection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 69%

The effect of previous SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 vaccination on SARS-CoV-2 Omicron infection and relation with serological response – a prospective cohort study

Gier

Huiberts

Hoeve

et al. 2023

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objectives: To estimate the protective effect of previous infections and vaccinations on SARS-CoV-2 Omicron infection. Design: Prospective cohort study Setting: Community-based cohort, the Netherlands Participants: 43,257 Community-dwelling adults aged 18-85 years contributed 8,291,966 person-days between 10 January 2022 and 1 September 2022. Main outcome measures: SARS-CoV-2 infection, defined as either a reported positive (self-administered) antigen or PCR test, or seroconversion or 4-fold increase in Nucleoprotein-antibodies, based on 6-monthly serum samples. Cox proportional hazard models were used with SARS-CoV-2 infection and any COVID-19 vaccination as time-varying exposures, calendar time as underlying time scale and adjustment for age, sex, medical risk and educational level. Results: In participants with 2, 3 or 4 prior immunizing events (vaccination or previous infection), we found a relative reduction of 71-85% in Omicron infection in weeks 4-10 post-last event with hybrid immunity compared to vaccine-induced immunity. Differences in risk of infection were partly explained by differences in anti-Spike RBD (S) antibody concentration, which showed a similar pattern but with smaller differences between vaccine-induced and hybrid immunity. Compared to the lowest quartile, participants in subsequent quartiles of S-antibody concentrations had 19%, 35% and 71% reduced risk of infection, respectively. Among participants with hybrid immunity, with one previous pre-Omicron infection, there was no relevant difference in risk of Omicron infection by sequence of vaccination(s) and infection). Regardless of the type of previous immunizing events, additional events increased the protection against infection, but not above the level of the first weeks after the previous event. Conclusions: Our results showed that hybrid immunity is more protective against infection with SARS-CoV-2 Omicron than vaccine-induced immunity, up to at least 30 weeks after the last immunizing event. Among those with hybrid immunity, the sequence and number of immunizing events was not found to be of importance, and its protective effect was partly explained by circulating S-antibodies. In our population with a high level of immunity, additional immunizing events reduced risk of infection with Omicron variants only temporarily. Trial registration: Dutch Trial Register (NTR), registration number NL9279 (available via ICTRP Search Portal (who.int))

show abstract

“…Compared to the BA.2 spike protein, the BA.4 and BA.5 sequences contain two additional amino acid changes (L452R and F486V), one deletion (69-70del) and one reversion (R493Q). These two variants were shown to have a higher infection rate in vaccinated or previously infected people [16, 22, 23] and a higher risk of hospitalization relative to BA.1 [10, 24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variants BA.4 and BA.5 dominated the fifth COVID-19 epidemiological wave in Mexico

Taboada,

Zárate,

García-López

et al. 2023

Microbial Genomics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In Mexico, the BA.4 and BA.5 Omicron variants dominated the fifth epidemic wave (summer 2022), superseding BA.2, which had circulated during the inter-wave period. The present study uses genome sequencing and statistical and phylogenetic analyses to examine these variants' abundance, distribution, and genetic diversity in Mexico from April to August 2022. Over 35 % of the sequenced genomes in this period corresponded to the BA.2 variant, 8 % to the BA.4 and 56 % to the BA.5 variant. Multiple subvariants were identified, but the most abundant, BA.2.9, BA.2.12.1, BA.5.1, BA.5.2, BA.5.2.1 and BA.4.1, circulated across the entire country, not forming geographical clusters. Contrastingly, other subvariants exhibited a geographically restricted distribution, most notably in the Southeast region, which showed a distinct subvariant dynamic. This study supports previous results showing that this region may be a significant entry point and contributed to introducing and evolving novel variants in Mexico. Furthermore, a differential distribution was observed for certain subvariants among specific States through time, which may have contributed to the overall increased diversity observed during this wave compared to the previous ones. This study highlights the importance of sustaining genomic surveillance to identify novel variants that may impact public health.

show abstract

Higher risk of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.4/5 infection than of BA.2 infection after previous BA.1 infection, the Netherlands, 2 May to 24 July 2022

Cited by 9 publications

References 15 publications

Clinical Manifestations of Infections with the Omicron Sub-Lineages BA.1, BA.2, and BA.5: A Retrospective Follow-Up Analysis of Public Health Data from Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, Germany

Clinical Manifestations of Infections with the Omicron Sub-Lineages BA.1, BA.2, and BA.5: A Retrospective Follow-Up Analysis of Public Health Data from Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, Germany

The effect of previous SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 vaccination on SARS-CoV-2 Omicron infection and relation with serological response – a prospective cohort study

SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variants BA.4 and BA.5 dominated the fifth COVID-19 epidemiological wave in Mexico

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About