Higher tolerance of predominant Salmonella serovars circulating in the antibiotic-free feed farms to environmental stresses

Li, Yan; Ed-Dra, Abdelaziz; Tang, Biao; Kang, Xiamei; Müller, Anja; Kehrenberg, Corinna; Jia, Chenghao; Pan, Hang; Yang, Hua; Yue, Min

doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.129476

Cited by 49 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…Typhimurium SL 1344. The phylogenetic tree was constructed using IQ-TREE v.1.6.12 with TVM + F + ASC model and 1,000 bootstraps, as previously described ( 13 , 22 ). Moreover, the whole-genome multilocus sequence typing (wgMLST) was used to conduct wgMLST phylogenomic tree by using cano-wgMLST_Bac Compare software as described recently ( 20 , 48 ), with default parameters and S .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial resistance and genomic investigation of non-typhoidal Salmonella isolated from outpatients in Shaoxing city, China

Chen

Ed-Dra

Zhou

et al. 2022

Front. Public Health

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Human non-typhoidal salmonellosis is among the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, resulting in huge economic losses and threatening the public health systems. To date, epidemiological characteristics of non-typhoidal Salmonella (NTS) implicated in human salmonellosis in China are still obscure. Herein, we investigate the antimicrobial resistance and genomic features of NTS isolated from outpatients in Shaoxing city in 2020. Eighty-seven Salmonella isolates were recovered and tested against 28 different antimicrobial agents, representing 12 categories. The results showed high resistance to cefazolin (86.21%), streptomycin (81.61%), ampicillin (77.01%), ampicillin-sulbactam (74.71%), doxycycline (72.41%), tetracycline (71.26%), and levofloxacin (70.11%). Moreover, 83.91% of isolates were resistant to ≥3 categories, which were considered multi-drug resistant (MDR). Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) combined with bioinformatic analysis was used to predict serovars, MLST types, plasmid replicons, antimicrobial resistance genes, and virulence genes, in addition to the construction of phylogenomic to determine the epidemiological relatedness between isolates. Fifteen serovars and 16 STs were identified, with the dominance of S. I 4, [5], 12:i:– ST34 (25.29%), S. Enteritidis ST11 (22.99%), and S. Typhimurium ST19. Additionally, 50 resistance genes representing ten categories were detected with a high prevalence of aac(6')-Iaa (100%), blaTEM−1B (65.52%), and tet(A) (52.87%), encoding resistance to aminoglycosides, β-lactams, and tetracyclines, respectively; in addition to chromosomic mutations affecting gyrA gene. Moreover, we showed the detection of 18 different plasmids with the dominance of IncFIB(S) and IncFII(S) (39.08%). Interestingly, all isolates harbor the typical virulence genes implicated in the virulence mechanisms of Salmonella, while one isolate of S. Jangwani contains the cdtB gene encoding typhoid toxin production. Furthermore, the phylogenomic analysis showed that all isolates of the same serovar are very close to each other and clustered together in the same clade. Together, we showed a high incidence of MDR among the studied isolates which is alarming for public health services and is a major threat to the currently available treatments to deal with human salmonellosis; hence, efforts should be gathered to further introduce WGS in routinely monitoring of AMR Salmonella in the medical field in order to enhance the effectiveness of surveillance systems and to limit the spread of MDR clones.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial resistance and genomic investigation of non-typhoidal Salmonella isolated from outpatients in Shaoxing city, China

Chen

Ed-Dra

Zhou

et al. 2022

Front. Public Health

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“…It has been recognized as one of the most common pathogens causing gastroenteritis and systemic infections to chickens (1), resulting in a substantial economic loss to poultry industries (2-4). To date, at least 2,659 serovars have been described (5), where S. Gallinarum biovars Gallinarum and Pullorum have been considered the usual agents causing infections in chickens (4,(6)(7)(8)(9). However, the implementation of successful programs has tackled the emergence of S. Gallinarum in poultry farms, especially in developed and some developing countries (10,11).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus alleviates intestinal inflammation and promotes microbiota-mediated protection against Salmonella fatal infections

Peng

Ed-Dra²,

Song³

et al. 2022

Front. Immunol.

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The fatal impairment of the intestinal mucosal barrier of chicks caused by Salmonella significantly resulting economic losses in the modern poultry industry. Probiotics are recognized for beneficially influencing host immune responses, promoting maintenance of intestinal epithelial integrity, antagonistic activity against pathogenic microorganisms and health-promoting properties. Some basic studies attest to probiotic capabilities and show that Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus could protect intestinal mucosa from injury in animals infected with Salmonella Typhimurium. However, the mechanisms underlying its protective effects in chicks are still not fully understood. Here, we used the chick infection model combined with histological, immunological, and molecular approaches to address this question. The results indicated that L. rhamnosus significantly reduced the diarrhea rate and increased the daily weight gain and survival rate of chicks infected with S. Typhimurium. Furthermore, we found that L. rhamnosus markedly improved the immunity of gut mucosa by reducing apoptotic cells, hence effectively inhibiting intestinal inflammation. Notably, pre-treatment chicks with L. rhamnosus balanced the expression of interleukin-1β and interleukin-18, moderated endotoxin and D-lactic acid levels, and expanded tight junction protein levels (Zonula occluden-1 and Claudin-1), enhanced the function of the intestinal mucosal epithelial cells. Additionally, investigations using full-length 16S rRNA sequencing also demonstrated that L. rhamnosus greatly weakened the adhesion of Salmonella, the mainly manifestation is the improvement of the diversity of intestinal microbiota in infected chicks. Collectively, these results showed the application of L. rhamnosus against Salmonella fatal infection by enhancing barrier integrity and the stability of the gut microbiota and reducing inflammation in new hatch chicks, offering new antibiotic alternatives for farming animals.

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“…The biofilm formation assay was completed based on previous experience, with minor changes [ 50 ]. Overnight cultures were adjusted to OD 620nm of 0.4, and 200 μL was subsequently transferred into a 96-well polystyrene microtiter plate after being diluted in a ratio of 1:10.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Two-Component System CitB Family in Salmonella Pullorum

Kang

Zhou

Tang

et al. 2022

IJMS

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Salmonella enterica, serovar Gallinarum, biovar Pullorum, is an avian-specific pathogen which has caused considerable economic losses to the poultry industry worldwide. Two-component systems (TCSs) play an essential role in obtaining nutrients, detecting the presence of neighboring bacteria and regulating the expression of virulence factors. The genome analysis of S. Pullorum strain S06004 suggesting the carriage of 22 pairs of TCSs, which belong to five families named CitB, OmpR, NarL, Chemotaxis and LuxR. In the CitB family, three pairs of TCSs, namely CitA-CitB, DcuS-DcuR and DpiB-DpiA, remain unaddressed in S. Pullorum. To systematically investigate the function of the CitB family in S. Pullorum, four mutants, ΔcitAB (abbreviated as Δcit), ΔdcuSR (Δdcu), ΔdpiBA (Δdpi) and ΔcitABΔdcuSRΔdpiBA (Δ3), were made using the CRISPR/Cas9 system. The results demonstrated that the CitB family did not affect the growth of bacteria, the results of biochemical tests, invasion and proliferation in chicken macrophage HD-11 cells and the expression of fimbrial protein. But the mutants showed thicker biofilm formation, higher resistance to antimicrobial agents, enhanced tolerance to inhibition by egg albumen and increased virulence in chicken embryos. Moreover, the deletion of Dpi TCS was detrimental to survival after exposure to hyperosmotic and oxidative environments, as well as the long-term colonization of the small intestine of chickens. Collectively, we provided new knowledge regarding the possible role of the CitB family involved in the pathogenic processes of S. Pullorum.

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Higher tolerance of predominant Salmonella serovars circulating in the antibiotic-free feed farms to environmental stresses

Cited by 49 publications

References 66 publications

Antimicrobial resistance and genomic investigation of non-typhoidal Salmonella isolated from outpatients in Shaoxing city, China

Antimicrobial resistance and genomic investigation of non-typhoidal Salmonella isolated from outpatients in Shaoxing city, China

Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus alleviates intestinal inflammation and promotes microbiota-mediated protection against Salmonella fatal infections

Characterization of Two-Component System CitB Family in Salmonella Pullorum

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