Highest Brain Bismuth Levels and Neuropathology Are Adjacent to Fenestrated Blood Vessels in Mouse Brain after Intraperitoneal Dosing of Bismuth Subnitrate

Ross, Joseph F.; Broadwell, Richard D.; Poston, Michael R.; Lawhorn, Gerald T.

doi:10.1006/taap.1994.1023

Cited by 27 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…This suggests that the cribriform-lymphatic connection is disrupted in these animals. When bismuth (Bi) subnitrate was injected into the peritoneal cavity of mice the animals developed hydrocephalus [79]. High concentrations of Bi were present in the olfactory bulb and hypothalamus.…”

Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integration of the subarachnoid space and lymphatics: Is it time to embrace a new concept of cerebrospinal fluid absorption?

Koh

Захаров

Johnston

2005

Fluids Barriers CNS

234

149

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In most tissues and organs, the lymphatic circulation is responsible for the removal of interstitial protein and fluid but the parenchyma of the brain and spinal cord is devoid of lymphatic vessels. On the other hand, the literature is filled with qualitative and quantitative evidence supporting a lymphatic function in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) absorption. The experimental data seems to warrant a re-examination of CSF dynamics and consideration of a new conceptual foundation on which to base our understanding of disorders of the CSF system. The objective of this paper is to review the key studies pertaining to the role of the lymphatic system in CSF absorption.

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Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integration of the subarachnoid space and lymphatics: Is it time to embrace a new concept of cerebrospinal fluid absorption?

Koh

Захаров

Johnston

2005

Fluids Barriers CNS

234

149

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“…Until recently, only quantitative techniques were available for bismuth measurements. Autometallographic (AMG) tracing of bismuth was first suggested by Ross et al (8, 9). These authors showed massive accumulations of AMG grains, rightfully interpreted as bismuth, in the neurons and glia cells of brains from mice exposed to bismuth subnitrate.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Bismuth‐induced lysosomal rupture in J774 cells

Stoltenberg

Zhao

Danscher

et al. 2002

APMIS

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Bismuth-containing drugs have several applications, one being their use against Helicobacter pylori-associated peptic ulcers, and bismuth has been discovered in macrophages at the base and margins of peptic ulcers. In the present study, the autometallographic technique for the histochemical demonstration of bismuth was applied, showing that bismuth citrate-exposed J774 cells accumulate the metal in their lysosomes. Such accumulations resulted in lysosomal rupture - assayed by the acridine orange uptake technique and flow cytofluorometry - and ensuing apoptotic cell death.

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“…This is based on the results of previous AMG studies that have reported the heaviest load of AMG grains to be in motor neurons of the spinal cord of mice [27,33] and in the large neurons of the cerebellum, thalamus and neocortex of humans. Despite the high uptake of bismuth by motor neurons observed with the AMG method [26,27,32,33,45], the results presented here suggest that motor neurons are less susceptible to bismuth intoxication than expected and are most likely less vulnerable than the DRG cells. Despite the high uptake of bismuth by motor neurons observed with the AMG method [26,27,32,33,45], the results presented here suggest that motor neurons are less susceptible to bismuth intoxication than expected and are most likely less vulnerable than the DRG cells.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 49%

“…An autometallographic (AMG) technique for the detection of bismuth has been recently introduced [6,32,33]. It has also been used to demonstrate the retrograde axonal transport of bismuth [45] as well as the accumulation of bismuth in various cell types, including kidney cells [43], motor neurons [26,27], ganglion cells from rat dorsal root ganglia (DRG) [45], Leydig cells and Sertoli cells in the rat testis [44], and in neurons and glia cells in humans suffering from bismuth intoxication [46].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bismuth-induced neuronal cell death in rat dorsal root ganglion: a stereological study

et al. 2002

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The goal of the present study has been to quantify the morphological changes in myelinated nerve roots and dorsal root ganglion (DRG) cells in rats exposed to bismuth subnitrate. Male Wistar rats (n =30) were divided into three groups of ten animals. The ten animals in each group were given intraperitoneal injections of one of the following: (1) 500 mg/kg bismuth subnitrate, (2) 1,000 mg/ kg bismuth subnitrate, or (3) saline. The mean total cell number of B-cells in the DRG was significantly smaller in the two treated groups, 18% (2P <0.001) and 23% (2P <0.001), respectively, than it was in the control group. In addition, there was an 11% reduction in the number of A-cells (2P =0.039) in rats exposed to the highest concentration of bismuth. Bismuth did not affect the total number or mean cross sectional area of axons and myelin sheaths of the myelinated nerve fibers in the ventral or dorsal nerve root of the DRG. This is the first study to investigate pathological changes of the peripheral nervous system after bismuth intoxication.

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Highest Brain Bismuth Levels and Neuropathology Are Adjacent to Fenestrated Blood Vessels in Mouse Brain after Intraperitoneal Dosing of Bismuth Subnitrate

Cited by 27 publications

References 0 publications

Integration of the subarachnoid space and lymphatics: Is it time to embrace a new concept of cerebrospinal fluid absorption?

Integration of the subarachnoid space and lymphatics: Is it time to embrace a new concept of cerebrospinal fluid absorption?

Bismuth‐induced lysosomal rupture in J774 cells

Bismuth-induced neuronal cell death in rat dorsal root ganglion: a stereological study

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