Highlighting the processing versatility of a silicon phthalocyanine derivative for organic thin-film transistors

Abstract

Silicon phthalocyanine (SiPc) derivatives have recently emerged as promising materials for n-type organic thin-film transistors (OTFTs) with the ability to be fabricated either by solid state or solution processes through...

Correlating Morphology, Molecular Orientation, and Transistor Performance of Bis(pentafluorophenoxy)silicon Phthalocyanine Using Scanning Transmission X-ray Microscopy

“…For each processing condition, the dichroic behavior is again seen from the anticorrelation of the LH and LV images. Recently, we have reported the first NEXAFS spectra for silicon phthalocyanines with bis­(tri- n -propylsilyl oxide) silicon phthalocyanine ((3PS) 2 -SiPc), , which exhibited a strong linear dichroism of the π CC * transition from the SiPc plane for a relatively homogeneous thin film where molecules are oriented in a pseudoedge-on orientation, favorable for OTFT applications.…”

High Performance Solution Processed n‐Type OTFTs through Surface Engineered F–F Interactions Using Asymmetric Silicon Phthalocyanines

“…For ease of comparison, initial electrical characterization of F-3BS-SiPc and F-3HS-SiPc was carried out in the same manner as our previous works on symmetrical SiPc derivatives. [27,28] F-3BS-SiPc and F-3HS-SiPc were deposited as the semiconductor layer in BGTC OTFTs by spin-coating the SiPc solutions onto OTS treated silicon substrates with a SiO 2 dielectric layer. Electrical characterization of OTFTs was performed in the saturation operating regime to determine the average µ e , V T , and I on/off as detailed in the Experimental Section.…”

“…OTFT Characterization: OTFT characterization was performed using the same procedure outlined in the previous works. [27,28,51] Characterization occurred in a nitrogen filled glove box at room temperature using a custom made testing apparatus that simultaneously made contact with the source-drain and gate electrodes of each transistor. A Keithley 2614B and a MCC USB DAQ were used to control the source-drain voltage (V SD = 50 V) and gate voltage (0 V < V GS < 60 V) to obtain source-drain current (I SD ) measurements in order to determine the saturation regime µ e , V T , and I on/off .…”

“…Metal and metalloid phthalocyanines (MPcs) are a family of organic small molecules with highly customizable structures through variations in metal center, and the inclusion of peripheral, bay, or axial functional groups which influence both physical and chemical properties. In particular, axially substituted silicon phthalocyanines (SiPcs) employing flexible nonconjugated alkyl chains as solubilizing groups have demonstrated promising results in n-type OTFTs [27,28] and as acceptors in organic photovoltaic devices (OPV). [29][30][31][32] Substituted alkyl chains contribute to the dissolution of small molecules in solution through increased van der Waals interactions, hindering interactions between the π-conjugated systems of the semiconductor, and thus enabling increased solubility and solution processability.…”

Low-Cost Silicon Phthalocyanine as a Non-Fullerene Acceptor for Flexible Large Area Organic Photovoltaics

“…Phthalocyanines are common dye molecules which have been utilized as a semiconducting material in organic light emitting diodes, , organic thin film transistors − and organic photovoltaics. − Phthalocyanines (Pcs) are already synthesized on the ton scale annually and found in everyday textiles, paints, colorants, and inks . Silicon phthalocyanine ((R) 2 -SiPc) are emerging as an exciting class of phthalocyanines due to their ability to enable n-type operation in electronics and their axial groups provide a handle to tune the physical and thermodynamic properties such as miscibility, solubility, nucleation, and solid-state arrangement. − In terms of synthetic complexity (SC), SiPcs have been reported with an SC index of 12, almost five times lower than those of high-performing NFAs such as Y6 (SC of 59) and ITIC (SC of 67) . Traditionally, (R) 2 -SiPcs have been utilized as ternary additives in donor–acceptor OPVs, providing more than 20% increase in photocurrent due to the extended solar absorption ,− Recently, (R) 2 -SiPc derivatives have also been used as NFAs with different donor polymers P3HT, PTB7, and PBDB-T and achieved high power conversion efficiencies (>4%). , These promising results demonstrate a great potential for low cost OPVs through the use of materials that have low synthetic complexity.…”