Highlights of Cardiovascular Disease Prevention Studies Presented at the 2022 American College of Cardiology Scientific Sessions

Abstract

Purpose of Review Focused review highlighting select studies presented at the 2022 American College of Cardiology (ACC) Scientific Sessions. Recent Findings Included studies assessed the impact of a low-sodium diet on heart failure outcomes (SODIUM-HF); outcomes of pregnant patients with chronic hypertension treated with antihypertensive therapies (CHAP); cardiovascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes and renal impairment treated with sotagliflozin (SCORED); a safety and efficacy study investigating SLN360, a short interfering RNA targeting lipoprotein(a) (APOLLO); a supermarket and web-based intervention targeting nutrition for cardiovascular risk reduction (SuperWIN); a superiority trial comparing myocardial injury following very mild perioperative hypothermia versus aggressive warming after non-cardiac surgery (PROTECT); and 3-year efficacy outcomes of renal denervation on blood pressure reduction from the SPYRAL HTN-ON MED pilot study. Summary Research presented at the 2022 ACC Scientific Sessions underscores the new potential and meaningful impact of cardiovascular disease prevention and management interventions.

Potential Novel RNA-Targeting Agents for Effective Lipoprotein(a) Lowering: A Systematic Assessment of the Evidence From Completed and Ongoing Developmental Clinical Trials

“…SLN360 is another experimental antihyperlipidemic drug belonging to siRNA therapeutics with promising preliminary results regarding the reduction of serum Lp(a) levels. 52,53 As with olpasiran, double-stranded RNA SLN360 is conjugated to an N-acetylgalactosamine component that shows high affinity for endocytic asialoglycoprotein receptors, predominantly expressed on the surface of hepatocytes, which ensures selective uptake and concentrations of SLN360 in hepatocytes and the drug's hepatocyte-specific impact. 24,26,53 SLN360 has a similar mechanism of action to olpasiran (Fig.…”

“…52,53 As with olpasiran, double-stranded RNA SLN360 is conjugated to an N-acetylgalactosamine component that shows high affinity for endocytic asialoglycoprotein receptors, predominantly expressed on the surface of hepatocytes, which ensures selective uptake and concentrations of SLN360 in hepatocytes and the drug's hepatocyte-specific impact. 24,26,53 SLN360 has a similar mechanism of action to olpasiran (Fig. 3) that ensures its full, sustained effectiveness.…”

Highlights of Cardiovascular Disease Prevention Studies Presented at the 2022 European Society of Cardiology Congress

“…Included studies assessed the effects of aspirin and omega-3 fatty acid supplements on HF (ASCEND study): the impact of icosapent ethyl on ST-elevation MI incidence (REDUCE-IT); air temperature's effect on cardiovascular mortality (EXHAUSTION project); LVEF outcomes of troponinguided neurohormonal blockade for the prevention of anthracycline toxicity; efficacy of routine stress testing after high-risk PCI (POST-PCI trial); influenza vaccine among patients with acute coronary syndromes (VIP-ACS trial); empagliflozin in patients with acute myocardial infarction (EMMY); effects of comprehensive imaging based cardiovascular screening on death and cardiovascular events (DANCANVAS); safety of long-term evolocumab in patients with established atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (FOURIER-OLE); and use of a cardiovascular polypill as a global strategy to improve secondary prevention (SECURE). As with prior publications, the significance and clinical implications of select presentations is discussed [1][2][3]. Finally, a table summarizing the studies discussed is included (Table 1).…”