Highlights on the Golden Mushroom Cantharellus cibarius and unique Shaggy ink cap Mushroom Coprinus comatus and Smoky Bracket Mushroom Bjerkandera adusta Ecology and Biological Activities

Abstract

Mushrooms are generous source of nutritional and medicinal compounds, and medicinal uses of the mushrooms still need to be worked out for their biological activities. This review aims to put golden mushroom Cantharellus and shaggy ink cap mushroom Coprinus and smoky bracket mushroom Bjerkandera under light spot through describing their morphology and ecology especially of the most common species, Cantharellus cibarius; Coprinus comatus and Bjerkandera adusta. Moreover discussing important secondary metabolites and biological activities exerted by ever one. Cantharellus cibarius; Coprinus comatus and Bjerkandera adusta are able to produce many novel and potent secondary metabolites that exerted different bioactivities especially as antimicrobial, antitumor, anti-inflammation activities and others. Further studies and investigations are fortified in order to find more about these interesting mushrooms.

Medicinal mushroom: What should we know?

“…Therefore, the investigation of the pro-health properties of crude polysaccharides from this genus and species was performed by many researchers. 24 The obtained results indicate that the polysaccharide fraction from Cantharellus cibarius inhibits the activity of both COX-1 and COX-2. Crude polysaccharides extracted from Cantharellus cibarius were found to inhibit the proliferation of colon cancer cells with the simultaneous absence of toxicity towards normal cells.…”

“…In most Asian countries, it was believed that medicinal mushrooms had the power to enhance long life and liveliness. [16][17][18][19][20] A wide variety of compounds isolated from many species of mushrooms, have been identified, [21][22][23][24][25] most of them were fatty acids, terpenoids, proteins, phenols, lectins, steroids, and polysaccharides. Mushrooms have been reported to exhibit an assortment of biological activities including but not limited to anticancer, antimicrobial, hypocholesterolemic, antioxidant, antihypertensive, antidiabetic, anti-obesity, hepato-protective, antiaging, antiallergic, and anti-coagulant activities.…”

Nameko Mushroom (Pholiota microspore), Hiratake Mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) and Shimeji Mushrooms (Lyophyllum shimeji): Bioactive Compounds as a Source of Various Biological Activities: A Review

“…Mushrooms have been used in many sides of human activity for many years. Some of these mushrooms have been called medicinal mushrooms due to their various morphological, physiological, and ecological characteristics that are also responsible for their diversity [20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29]. Some mushrooms and other fruiting bodies of fi lamentous fungi are edible and provide a good source of protein, whereas others have narcotic eff ects and used as medicine.…”

The wild non edible mushrooms, what should we know so far?

“…Although over 14,000 species of these wonderful group of microbes were discovered and studied, new species are continuously discovered all over the world. It should be noted that different species under the same genus may show different biological potentials [21][22][23][24][25] . This can be attributed to the change in environmental and growing conditions which is critically affecting the chemical profile of different species.…”