Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy and Increased Use of Contraceptives Among HIV-Positive Women During Expanding Access to Antiretroviral Therapy in Mbarara, Uganda

Andia, Irene; Kaida, Angela; Maier, Marissa; Guzman, David; Emenyonu, Nneka; Pepper, Larry; Bangsberg, David R.; Hogg, Robert S.

doi:10.2105/ajph.2007.129528

Cited by 64 publications

(93 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Our study reveals high-risk behavior in HIVinfected patients undergoing care. This finding is consistent with a study conducted in Mbarara, Uganda, where 45% of 484 women had been sexually active in the previous three months, 85% reported using contraceptive methods but only about 60% reported using barrier contraceptive methods [8].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Sexually transmitted infections in HIV-infected patients in Kabale Hospital, Uganda

Osinde

Kakaire

Kaye

2011

J Infect Dev Ctries

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Introduction: Acquisition of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) is an epidemiological marker of high-risk sexual behavior in HIV-infected patients. We assessed the prevalence of STIs among patients attending an HIV care and support centre. Methodology: From January to August 2009, we assessed socio-demographic variables, sexuality, disclosure of sero-status and STI treatment for 400 patients attending the HIV care and support centre. Characteristics of those who had been treated and those who had never been treated for STIs were compared to identify factors independently associated with STIs. Results: Of the 400 respondents, 25.3% were male, 47.3% were aged 25-34 years, over 85% were currently married or had ever been married, and 62% had primary level of education or less. Though 82.5% were on antiretroviral drugs, only 53.1% disclosed their sero-status to their regular partners and only 41.9% knew the sero-status of their regular partners. Furthermore, 151 (37.7%) had been treated for STIs. The STIs were gonorrhoea (15; 9.7%), chlamydia (11; 7.1%), Trichomonas vaginalis (5; 3.3%), syphilis (99; 64.3%), and mixed infections (21; 13.6%). Factors associated with STI treatment on univariable analysis were age at sexual debut, whether the respondent had had sex in the previous six months, frequency of sexual intercourse, having changed sexual partners, number of sexual partners, and age when the respondent had a first child. Conclusion: Unprotected sexual intercourse and STIs are common among patients seeking HIV care in Uganda. Only the age of sexual debut (odds ratio0.82, confidence limits 0.71, 0.94) was independently (though inversely) associated with STIs.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Sexually transmitted infections in HIV-infected patients in Kabale Hospital, Uganda

Osinde

Kakaire

Kaye

2011

J Infect Dev Ctries

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“…Studies have shown that women who have desire of children in future are less likely to use modern contraceptives. In fact, women living with HIV have strong desire of children due to the availability of drugs that prevent mother to child transmission of HIV [36].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modern Contraceptive Utilization and Associated Factors among HIV Positive Women on Antiretroviral Therapy in Mizan-Tepi Teaching and Referral Hospital, South-West Ethiopia

Mitiku¹

2017

J Contracept Stud

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Background: Women living with human immunodeficiency virus encounter unintended pregnancy with related risk of mother to child transmission of HIV. Unintended pregnancy among these peoples is associated with inconsistence use of contraceptives. The aim of this study is to assess the prevalence of modern contraceptive utilization and associated factors in the Mizan-Tepi teaching and referral hospital.

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“…2 It is diffi cult to assess in some women when a pregnancy is actually desired or not. The rate of induced abortion was remarkable in our study (31.0%) and was higher than the overall rate of 17.7% in childbearing women reported by Barbosa et al 3 (2009) in a study conducted in 13 municipalities in Brazil.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pregnancy rates and predictors in women with HIV/AIDS in Rio de Janeiro, Southeastern Brazil

et al. 2011

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OBJECTIVE:To assess incidence and predictors of fi rst pregnancy among women with HIV/AIDS. METHODS:Prospective cohort study was conducted in Rio de Janeiro, southeastern Brazil, between 1996 and2003. This study comprised 225 women with HIV/AIDS followed up until their fi rst pregnancy or fi rst censored event (hysterectomy, tubal ligation, menopause, 50 years of age, loss to follow-up, death or the end of December 2003). Pregnancy and abortion rates were estimated, and Cox proportional hazards models were used to identify baseline characteristics associated with pregnancy risk. RESULTS:The women were followed up for 565 person/years with a median follow-up of 3 years per women. The mean age was 32 years (SD: 7), and 54.7% were white. There were 60 pregnancies in 39 women, and 18 were terminated (induced abortions), accounting for a rate of 6.9% and 2.1% women/ year, respectively. Repeated pregnancies occurred in 33.3% of the women (13/39). Higher pregnancy risk was seen among younger women (HR=3.42; 95%CI: 1.69;6.95) and those living with their partners (HR=1.89; 95%CI: 1.00;3.57). Lower pregnancy risk was associated with higher education level (HR=0.43; 95%CI: 0.19;0.99) and use of antiretroviral therapy (HR=061; 95%CI: 0.31;1.17). CONCLUSIONS:Lower pregnancy rates were found in our cohort than in the general population. Sociodemographic characteristics should be taken into consideration in the management of reproductive health in HIV-positive childbearing age women. Reproductive and family planning counseling must be incorporated into HIV/AIDS programs for women to help preventing HIV transmission to their partners and offspring.

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Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy and Increased Use of Contraceptives Among HIV-Positive Women During Expanding Access to Antiretroviral Therapy in Mbarara, Uganda

Abstract: Our findings support the need for increased attention to better integration of reproductive health and HIV and AIDS services for women who are HIV positive.

Cited by 64 publications

References 21 publications

Sexually transmitted infections in HIV-infected patients in Kabale Hospital, Uganda

Sexually transmitted infections in HIV-infected patients in Kabale Hospital, Uganda

Modern Contraceptive Utilization and Associated Factors among HIV Positive Women on Antiretroviral Therapy in Mizan-Tepi Teaching and Referral Hospital, South-West Ethiopia

Pregnancy rates and predictors in women with HIV/AIDS in Rio de Janeiro, Southeastern Brazil

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