Highly Conductive Covalent–Organic Framework Films

Abstract

Chemically inert organic networks exhibiting electrical conductivity comparable to metals can advance organic electronics, catalysis, and energy storage systems. Covalent–organic frameworks (COFs) have emerged as promising materials for those applications due to their high crystallinity, porosity, and tunable functionality. However, their low conductivity has limited their practical utilization. In this study, copper‐coordinated‐fluorinated‐phthalocyanine and 2,3,6,7‐tetrahydroxy‐9,10‐anthraquinone‐based COF (CuPc‐AQ‐COF) films with ultrahigh conductivity are developed. The COF films exhibit an electrical conductivity of 1.53 × 103 S m−1 and a Hall mobility of 6.02 × 102 cm2 V−1 s−1 at 298 K, reaching the level of metals. The films are constructed by linking phthalocyanines and anthraquinones through vapor‐assisted synthesis. The high conductivity properties of the films are attributed to the molecular design of the CuPc‐AQ‐COFs and the generation of high‐quality crystals via the vapor‐assisted method. Density functional theory analysis reveals that an efficient donor–acceptor system between the copper‐coordinated phthalocyanines and anthraquinones significantly promotes charge transfer. Overall, the CuPc‐AQ‐COF films set new records of COF conductivity and mobility and represent a significant step forward in the development of COFs for electronic, catalytic, and electrochemical applications.

Single-Atom Catalysts on Covalent Organic Frameworks for Energy Applications

“…Although many conventional COFs may have low conductivity, recent efforts have proven that the electric conductivity of COFs can reach the level of semiconductors. 140 Thus, the more promising results are yet to come. The following sections discuss the COF design and performance in electrocatalytic reactions, including ORR/ OER, CO 2 RR, HER, and NRR.…”

“…Also, high electrochemical stability ensures that COF SACs can perform durably for the long term. Although many conventional COFs may have low conductivity, recent efforts have proven that the electric conductivity of COFs can reach the level of semiconductors . Thus, the more promising results are yet to come.…”

Two‐Dimensional Conjugated Polymers: a New Choice For Organic Thin‐Film Transistors

“…[106,107] The extended π-conjugated structure facilitates efficient in-plane charge transfer, granting 2DCPs high conductivity and charge mobility. [108][109][110] The highly ordered porous architectures offers abundant processing regions for anchoring specific units and chemical doping. [111][112][113][114] Benefiting these advantages, various 2DCPs-based OFETs have been achieved, as listed in Table 2.…”