“…Moreover, the intensity of XRD reflections of the final catalysts shows lower crystallinity compared to that of the initial zeolites owing to the amorphous character of the silica binder. Furthermore, the XRD reflections also shifted toward lower 2θ, suggesting the presence of more Si-O bonds [21,22,23], which are likely due to the crystallization of some parts of the silica binder into the zeolite phase. Note that the Si-O has a shorter bond length compared to the Al-O, thus, the dspacing will be constricted, resulting in lower θ or 2θ based on the Bragg equation, nλ = 2d sin θ.…”