Highly dispersed carbon nanotube reinforced cement based materials

Konsta-Gdoutos, Maria S.; Metaxa, Zoi S.; Shah, Surendra P.

doi:10.1016/j.cemconres.2010.02.015

Cited by 861 publications

(458 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Most work to date has been done on multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT), which are less expensive and more readily available than single walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT). There are a number of reports describing both mechanical [Campillo et al 2004, Ibarra et al 2006, Li, et al 2005, Xiang et al 2005, Cwirzen et al 2008, Konsta-Gdoutos et al 2010] and electrical [Li et al 2007, Wansom et al 2006 properties of these composites. A recent summary of carbon nanotube/cement composite research ] and an overview of the topic [Raki et al 2010] can both be found elsewhere.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of SWCNT and Other Nanomaterials on Cement Hydration and Reinforcement

Makar

2011

Nanotechnology in Civil Infrastructure

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/npsi/ctrl?lang=en http://nparc.cisti-icist.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/npsi/ctrl?lang=fr Access and use of this website and the material on it are subject to the Terms and Conditions set forth at http://nparc.cisti-icist.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/npsi/jsp/nparc_cp.jsp?lang=en NRC Publications Archive Archives des publications du CNRCFor the publisher's version, please access the DOI link below./ Pour consulter la version de l'éditeur, utilisez le lien DOI ci-dessous.http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-16657-0 Nanotechnology in Civil Infrastructure: A Paradigm Shift, p. 103, 2011-03-01 The effect of SWCNT and other nanomaterials on cement hydration and reinforcement Makar, J. M. Abstract Additions of nanomaterials to cement pastes and concretes may have a significant effect on the performance of ordinary Portland cement (OPC), OPC blends and concrete. Due to the scale of these particles, they may not only modify the bulk behavior of the matrix in a manner similar to micro-and macroscopic additions, but also influence the formation and structure of the C-S-H and other products formed during hydration. Nanoscale additives also have the potential to add new capabilities to concrete. There is therefore growing interest in producing composite materials that include nanomaterials.Single walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT) are of particular interest due to their desirable properties as reinforcing materials. They have recently been shown to nucleate the formation of C-S-H during the hydration of ordinary Portland cement (OPC). A series of complementary studies are presented here. The effects of nano-titania, nano-calcium carbonate and nano-alumina dispersed by sonication with OPC on hydration are discussed and compared to the effect of SWCNT dispersed by the same method. The impact of dispersing the SWCNT in blends of admixture and mix water on the hydration of both tricalcium silicate and OPC are investigated. Fracture surfaces of OPC samples blended with all four nanomaterials and hydrated for 7 days are analyzed. Classical reinforcing behaviour was identified in the SWCNT/OPC composite alone. A new, nanoscale reinforcing mechanism based on SWCNT bundle pull out is described. The experimental results are used to draw conclusions about the nucleation mechanism in SWCNT composites and on the impact of SWCNT dispersion method on the performance of those composites.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of SWCNT and Other Nanomaterials on Cement Hydration and Reinforcement

Makar

2011

Nanotechnology in Civil Infrastructure

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“…Most research work to date has been done with carbon nanotubes added to cement pastes and concretes [4,[6][7][8][9] neglecting the study with soil matrixes. The carbon nanotubes are not a cementitious material but once introduced in a soil they are expected to reduce the interparticles' spacing, which will promote the construction of a stronger and stiffer soil skeleton matrix, together with the cementitious materials, therefore improving the mechanical properties of the soil.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surfactants for dispersion of carbon nanotubes applied in soil stabilization

Figueiredo

Correia

Hunkeler³

et al. 2015

Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspect

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a b s t r a c tThe discovery of the unique properties of carbon nanotubes (CNT) did grow interest to its application in nanocomposites, for a wide variety of purposes. However, the greatest challenge for its application is associated with the natural tendency to aggregate, resulting in the loss of its beneficial properties. To overcome this problem it is common the use of surfactants and/or ultrasonic energy to promote their dispersion in suspension. This work is focused on the influence of surfactants' properties on the dispersion of carbon nanotubes and on the influence of the quality of the dispersions on the mechanical properties of stabilized soil. Two surfactants (Glycerox and Amber 4001 differing in molecular weight and charge) were fully characterized, followed by the study of which surfactant concentrations were more efficient on the dispersion of the CNTs. The characterization methods were based on light scattering techniques: Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) for the hydrodynamic diameter and Static Light Scattering (SLS) for the molecular weight. Suspensions of CNTs were prepared in solutions of the aforementioned surfactants, with different concentrations, and further dispersion was promoted using ultra-sounds (20 kHz during 5 min). The dispersions of CNTs in these two surfactants were then fully characterized using again DLS. Finally, the dispersions of carbon nanotubes were added to the main agent responsible for soil stabilization, the binder (Portland cement type I 42.5R), and the mechanical behavior of the new composite material was studied by unconfined compression strength (UCS) tests. The results of the UCS tests led to conclude that the introduction of CNTs in the binder can have huge impact on the mechanical properties of the stabilized soil. Furthermore, the quality of the dispersion of CNTs has got a very high impact on the performance achieved. It was verified an improvement up to 77% on the compressive strength of the material and 155% on Young's modulus, referred to the reference test where no carbon nanotubes nor surfactant were added, fundamentally dependent on surfactant type and concentration used.

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“…Previous studies have focused on the dispersion of CNTs in liquids by pre-treatment of the nanotube's surface via chemical modification [2][3][4][5][6][7][8]. Preliminary research has shown that small amounts of CNTs can be effectively dispersed in cementitious matrix [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanoscale Modification of Cementitious Materials

Shah

Konsta-Gdoutos

Metaxa

et al. 2009

Nanotechnology in Construction 3

107

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Abstract. This research investigates changes in the nanostructure and the nanoscale local mechanical properties of cement paste with micro-and nano-modifiers. Silica fume and multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were used as micro-and nano-modifiers. An effective method of dispersing CNTs in cement matrix was developed. A detailed study on the effects of CNTs concentration and aspect ratio on the fracture properties, nanoscale properties and microstructure of nanocomposite materials, was conducted. Significant improvements on the macro and nanomechanical properties of cement paste were observed with the incorporation of CNTs. Results suggest that CNTs can strongly modify and reinforce the cement paste matrix at the nanoscale.

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Highly dispersed carbon nanotube reinforced cement based materials

Cited by 861 publications

References 14 publications

The Effect of SWCNT and Other Nanomaterials on Cement Hydration and Reinforcement

The Effect of SWCNT and Other Nanomaterials on Cement Hydration and Reinforcement

Surfactants for dispersion of carbon nanotubes applied in soil stabilization

Nanoscale Modification of Cementitious Materials

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