Highly dispersible laser activate particles via surface modification for laser direct structuring and electroless plating application

Abstract

A composite of laser-activate particles and the super engineering plastic of polyphenylene sulfide was fabricated via melt-mixing. The laser-activate particle surfaces were modified using hydroperoxide and three different silane coupling agents. The laser-activate particles dramatically deteriorate the mechanical properties of polyphenylene sulfide because of its low compatibility with the polymer. However, surface modification, especially via amino silane treatment, effectively prevented the degradation of thermal and mechanical properties upon adding laser-activate particle, while modification with phenyl silane had the reverse effect. In order to confirm the different effects, solubility parameters obtained by theoretical calculation via the group contribution method were compared. Thermally and mechanically enhanced laser-activate particle/polyphenylene sulfide composites were fabricated for laser direct structuring and electroless plating applications.

Surface Plate, A Critical Review

“…The surface plate was first perceived by Henry Maudslay around 1800. He began the arrangement of scratching a cast iron plate to evenness, scouring and checking blue between sets of plates to feature defects and of working plates in sets of thee to ensure levelness by abstaining from coordinating curved and arched sets [11,12]. Prior to the Second World War, metal was the standard military that was utilized for making the surface plate.…”

“…Strung and strong additions, connector openings, T-spaces, dovetails -nearly anything can added to traditional gaging apparatus can likewise be added to starrett surface plate, expanding their exactness and adaptability for various applications. Accuracy edges, made square with the best surface and neighboring edges, just as exactness graduated standard additionally are included[12].…”