Highly efficient and selective nitrate electroreduction to ammonia catalyzed by molecular copper catalyst@Ti₃C₂T_x MXene

Abstract

The efficient electroreduction reaction of nitrate (NO3-RR) at low concentrations to ammonia is energetically favorable for ammonia production and environmentally essential to treat water contamination. Copper-based conjugated molecule electrocatalysts for...

Interface coupling induced built-in electric fields boost electrochemical nitrate reduction to ammonia over CuO@MnO2 core–shell hierarchical nanoarrays

“…[25][26][27][28][29] Previous reports have conrmed that Cu-based catalysts are one of the most active catalysts for nitrate electroreduction. [30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39] However, the electrocatalytic conversion of nitrate to ammonia still faces challenges such as complex multi-electron/proton processes, low selectivity and the competing hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). 40,41 Therefore, there is an imperative need to formulate a new strategy for the design and construction of highly efficient and selective electrocatalysts for the synthesis of ammonia via nitrate electroreduction.…”

Functionalized MXenes for efficient electrocatalytic nitrate reduction to ammonia

“…8 For the noble metal-based electrocatalysts, such as Pd, 9 PdCu, 10 Rh, 11 and Au 12 have been studied despite their high costs. Single atom catalysts (SACs), 13 dual-metal site catalysts (DACs), 14 and some non-noble metal catalysts including Ni 2 P, 15 Fe 2 O 3 , 16 and Cu [17][18][19] are also studied. At present, it is urgent to develop NRA catalysts with high activity, selectivity and stability.…”

Lattice-strain and Lewis acid sites synergistically promoted nitrate electroreduction to ammonia over PdBP nanothorn arrays

“…6d), demonstrating that the ammonia produced was indeed from nitrate electroreduction. Meanwhile, in order to further probe the origin of ammonia more accurately, 15 N isotope labeling experiments were performed and ammonium yields were quantied using 1 H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. The 1 H NMR spectrum (Fig.…”

“…[10][11][12][13] NH 3 is a crucial chemical feedstock for fertilizer production and also a promising hydrogen storage molecule. [14][15][16] The energy-stressed Haber-Bosch process is currently the main synthetic route for NH 3 synthesis, which relies on high purity nitrogen and hydrogen, consumes more than 1% of annual global energy consumption and signicant cost capital, and produces CO 2 emissions. [17][18][19][20][21][22] Alternatively, the electrochemical reduction of nitrate to NH 3 is a sensible strategy as it is effective in reducing nitrate contamination and simultaneously yielding value-added chemicals.…”

“…(d) Ammonia yield rate over PdBP NAs/NF in a K 2 SO 4 electrolyte with and without nitrate. (e) 1 H NMR spectra of 15 NH 4+ calibration solution,14 NH 4 + calibration solution and the electrolyte after electrocatalytic nitrate reduction using15 NO 3 À and 14 NO 3 À as the nitrogen source. (f) Produced ammonia concentration determined by NMR compared with the colorimetric method.…”