Highly Efficient Dopamine Sensing with a Carbon Nanotube-Encapsulated Metal Chalcogenide Nanostructure

Abstract

Carbon nanotube-encapsulated nickel selenide composite nanostructures were used as nonenzymatic electrochemical sensors for dopamine detection. These composite nanostructures were synthesized through a simple, one-step, and environmentally friendly chemical vapor deposition method, wherein the CNTs were formed in situ from pyrolysis of a carbon-rich metallo-organic precursor. The composition and morphology of these hybrid NiSe 2 -filled carbon nanostructures were confirmed by powder X-ray diffraction, Raman, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy images. Electrochemical tests demonstrated that the as-synthesized hybrid nanostructures exhibited outstanding electrocatalytic performance toward dopamine oxidation, with a high sensitivity of 19.62 μA μM −1 cm −2 , low detection limit, broad linear range of 5 nM−640 μM, and high selectivity. The synergistic effects of enhanced electrochemical activity of nickel selenide along with the enhanced conductivity of carbon nanotubes led to the high electrocatalytic efficiency for these nanostructured composites. The high sensitivity and selectivity of this nanostructured composite could be exploited to develop simple, selective, and sensitive electrochemical sensors to detect and quantify dopamine in human tear samples with high reliability. This nanotube-encapsulated sensor, hence, paves the way for discoveries in the development of dopamine sensors with low cost and high stability, which can be used for noninvasive dopamine detection in peripheral bodily fluids.

Black Phosphorus Quantum Dots with Exposed (113) Planes on Chemiluminescent Luminol–K3Fe(CN)6 for Detection of Dopamine

“…Chemiluminescence (CL) technology has been extensively used in the domain of analysis due to its high sensitivity, simple instrumentation, and absence of background scattered light for detecting trace level metal ions, inorganic compounds, and small biological molecules. − Although many technologies have been applied in the field of detection, the CL method exhibits higher sensitivity due to the low background emission. Whereas, traditional CL systems are limited in practical applications due to the low inherent signal and poor selectivity.…”

Solar enhanced oxygen evolution reaction with transition metal telluride

“…These transition metals based electrocatalysts, comprising mainly nickel, cobalt, and iron are appealing due to their accessibility, affordable price, and significantly enhanced OER activity in alkaline medium (Zhao et al, 2022). Among these, metal oxides, phosphides, sulfides, selenides, and tellurides have garnered substantial attention as possible electrocatalysts due to their tunable electrochemical activity, lattice stability and compositional variance (Menezes et al, 2017;Masud et al, 2018;Bhat and Nagaraja, 2019;Ghosh et al, 2019;Zhang et al, 2020;Li et al, 2021;Nath et al, 2021;Singh et al, 2022b;Singh et al, 2023). The transition metal oxides have shown good performance for OER electrocatalysis.…”