Highly efficient flame retardant poly(lactic acid) using imidazole phosphate poly(ionic liquid)

Li, Caixia; Ma, Chao; Li, Juan

doi:10.1002/pat.4903

Cited by 20 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…The PLLA and PLLA/PDLA sample almost do not have any residues, while the samples after adding ADP exhibit the char barrier cover on the top. Moreover, the EHC values of PLLA/PDLA/ADP sample reduced from 20.21 to 17.18, representing the incomplete combustion and the potential gas phase mechanism from phosphorus-containing FR . The char residues after CCT are shown in Table .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Simultaneously Enhancing the Fire Retardancy and Heat Resistance of Stereo-Complex-Type Polylactic Acid

Liu

Zhang

et al. 2022

ACS Omega

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Polylactic acid (PLA) is considered to be the material with great application potential in the 21st century which has aroused wide research interest. However, PLA is a highly flammable material and exhibits low heat distortion temperature, which greatly limits its application in many fields. In this work, aluminum diethyl phosphinate (ADP) and poly ( d -lactic acid) (PDLA) are used to improve fire retardancy and heat resistance of poly ( l -lactic acid) (PLLA). PLLA/PDLA with the presence of 15 wt % ADP exhibited the limiting oxygen index (LOI) value at 26%, and the peak heat release rate (pHRR) and total heat release decreased, respectively, by 14.03 and 24.42% from 500 to 429 kW/m 2 and 86 to 65 MJ/m 2 . The melt dripping phenomenon was suppressed obviously. The addition of ADP realized the flame-retardant effect from both the condensed phase and gas phase. Moreover, the results showed that the addition of ADP promoted the formation of stereo crystals and increased the crystallization temperature to 175 °C. The heat distortion temperature (HDT) of the PLLA/PDLA sample with 15 wt % ADP can be as high as 170.4 °C, which marks significant improvement in the heat resistance of PLA. The mechanical property test results showed that ADP has little effect on the mechanical properties of the composites. This work opens a window to realize the heat-resistant and anti-dripping fire-retardant PLA.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Moreover, the EHC values of PLLA/PDLA/ADP sample reduced from 20.21 to 17.18, representing the incomplete combustion and the potential gas phase mechanism from phosphorus-containing FR. 22 The char residues after CCT are shown in Table 3 . With the increase of the ADP content, the char residue increases.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simultaneously Enhancing the Fire Retardancy and Heat Resistance of Stereo-Complex-Type Polylactic Acid

Liu

Zhang

et al. 2022

ACS Omega

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“…As presented in Figure 2d, PBPP exhibited excellent flame retardant efficiency and significantly enhanced the thermal stability of PLA composites compared to reported flame retardants. [27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35] The above comparisons indicated that PLA/PBPP composites achieved a relatively optimum balance between flame retardancy and thermal stability, showing expansive application prospects in some key fields. The influence of phosphate ester flame retardant PBPP on the crystallization properties of PLA composites was studied by DSC tests.…”

Section: Thermal and Crystallization Behavior Analysis Of Pla/pbpp Co...mentioning

confidence: 99%

A monomolecular organophosphate for enhancing the flame retardancy, thermostability and crystallization properties of polylactic acid

Liu

Yan

Zhang

et al. 2022

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Polylactic acid (PLA) is regarded as one of the most promising bioplastics. However, its inherent high flammability of PLA seriously limits its application in the emerging fields. Although the traditional phosphate flame retardants showed excellent flame retardant efficiency in PLA, they often failed to meet the processing requirements of PLA and the thermal stability of PLA composites was decreased after their addition. Herein, an organophosphate flame retardant pentaerythritol bis(phenyl phosphonate) (PBPP) with high thermal stability and phosphorus content was synthesized by the nucleophilic substitution reaction in our laboratory. The introduction of PBPP simultaneously improved the flame retardancy, thermostability and crystallization properties of PLA. Only 3 wt% PBPP endowed PLA composites with UL‐94 V‐0 grade and higher LOI of 28.3% due to its excellent gas phase effect. Moreover, the crystallinity of PLA/PBPP4 was enhanced from 14.2% of PLA to 32.2% with the improvement of 127%. Because of the similar structure and good compatibility between organophosphate flame retardant and PLA matrix, flame retardant PLA/PBPP maintained almost the same strength as neat PLA. This study provided a novel way for the preparation of a high‐performance flame retardant PLA composites with excellent comprehensive properties and it was important to expand the application value of multifunctional PLA materials.

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“…Additionally, ILs are promising FRs because of their tunable chemical structure and highly flexible molecular design of both anions and cations 19,20 . It is widely reported that several flame‐retarding elements and groups, such as phosphorous, sulfur, and polyoxometalate cluster, have been introduced into ILs to improve the flame retardancy of EPs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of ionic liquid octyltriphenylphosphonium‐chelated orthoborates on flame retardance of epoxy

Guo

Chen

Cui

et al. 2020

Polymers for Advanced Techs

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Flame retardants (FRs) improve the intrinsic flammability of epoxy resins (EPs). However, the fundamental properties of EPs are inevitably compromised with the improvement of flame retardancy due to addition of FRs. Here, an ionic liquid (IL) octyltriphenylphosphonium‐chelated orthoborate ([OTP][BScB]) has been synthesized and used as a flame‐retarding additive for EP (hereafter (EP/[OTP][BScB])). Themogravimetry analysis (TGA) result indicated that the addition of [OTP][BScB] improved the residue yield during thermal degradation. Flammability and combustion tests showed the superior flame‐retarding efficiency of the IL. More specifically, the addition of 3 wt% IL made EP/[OTP][BScB] pass the V‐0 grade in the vertical burning test (UL‐94) and achieve 32.5% value in the limited oxygen index (LOI) test. Cone calorimeter (CC) test showed that, compared with neat EP, EP/10[OTP][BScB] showed a reduction in the peak heat release rate (PHRR) and total heat release (THR) of by 39.7% and 21.8%, respectively, during combustion. Accordingly, the flame‐retarding mechanisms in the gas and condensed phases were investigated in detail. In addition, tensile tests showed that the incorporation of the IL enhanced the mechanical property of EP/[OTP][BScB] to some extent. Moreover, UV–vis spectroscopy showed that the transparency of EP was basically maintained on the addition of [OTP][BScB]. Therefore, the IL [OTP][BScB] is a promising flame retardant to improve the properties of EP comprehensively.

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Highly efficient flame retardant poly(lactic acid) using imidazole phosphate poly(ionic liquid)

Cited by 20 publications

References 39 publications

Simultaneously Enhancing the Fire Retardancy and Heat Resistance of Stereo-Complex-Type Polylactic Acid

Simultaneously Enhancing the Fire Retardancy and Heat Resistance of Stereo-Complex-Type Polylactic Acid

A monomolecular organophosphate for enhancing the flame retardancy, thermostability and crystallization properties of polylactic acid

Effect of ionic liquid octyltriphenylphosphonium‐chelated orthoborates on flame retardance of epoxy

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