Highly Efficient Humidity Sensor Based on Sulfuric Acid Doped Polyaniline-Copper Oxide Composites

Rahim, Maheen; Shah, Anwar‐ul‐Haq Ali; Bilal, Salma; Rahim, Ishrat

doi:10.1007/s40995-021-01201-5

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…The presence of these bands in the optical absorption spectrum of pure PANI is mentioned in the literature [39,40]. The first absorption band is related with π→π* transition of the benzenoid units as well as the second one which is associated with n→π* transition between the benzenoid ring to the quinoid ring.…”

Section: Uv-vis Spectroscopymentioning

confidence: 91%

Mechanochemical Synthesis and DC Electrical Conductivity of PANI-Based MWCNT Containing Nanocomposites with Te0 and Bi2Te3 Thermoelectric Nanophase

Zhmurova

Прозорова

Zvereva

2023

Powders

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Nowadays, the search for the coupled polymer nanocomposite thermoelectrics that exhibit a high value of thermoelectric figure of merit (ZT) and similar behaviour of physical properties for the use as legs of thermoelectric cells is a current challenge. The direct current (DC) conductivity is one of the three important components of thermoelectric figure of merit. The aim of this study was to obtain PANI-based nanothermoelectrics with Te0 and Bi2Te3 nanoparticles and MWCNT by mechanochemical methodology and to investigate the dependency of their DC electrical conductivity on temperature in the 298–353 K range using the Arrhenius and Mott’s variable range hopping (VRH) models. Inorganic Te0 and Bi2Te3 nanoparticles were pre-synthesized by the available and environmentally friendly method using a commercial tellurium powder. The samples obtained were characterized by X-ray diffractometry (XRD), IR and UV-Vis spectroscopy. The XRD study of ES-PANI/Te0 (4.4 wt% Te0) and ES-PANI/Bi2Te3 (2.9 wt% Bi2Te3) nanocomposites found that the nanoparticle average size was 32 nm and 17 nm, respectively. The DC conductivity study of the samples with different nanophase content (2.1, 4.4, 10.2 wt% Te0, 1.5, 2.9, 7.3 wt% Bi2Te3, 1.5 wt% MWCNT) by the two points measurement method reveals the following: (a) the presence of inorganic nanophase reduces the conductivity compared to the matrix, (b) the addition of MWCNT in ES-PANI increases its electrical conductivity, (c) the conductivity of ES-PANI/Te0 as well as ES-PANI/Bi2Te3 nanocomposite rises with the increasing inorganic nanophase content, (d) the observed increase in the electrical conductivity of MWCNT-based nanocomposites with increasing inorganic nanophase content is interrupted by a characteristic area of decrease in its value at average values of inorganic nanoparticles content (at Te0 content of 4.4 wt%, at Bi2Te3 content of 2.9 wt%), (e) a similar DC conductivity behaviour in ES-PANI/Te0—ES-PANI/Bi2Te3 and ES-PANI/Te0-MWCNT—ES-PANI/Bi2Te3-MWCNT nanocomposite pairs is observed.

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Section: Uv-vis Spectroscopymentioning

confidence: 91%

Mechanochemical Synthesis and DC Electrical Conductivity of PANI-Based MWCNT Containing Nanocomposites with Te0 and Bi2Te3 Thermoelectric Nanophase

Zhmurova

Прозорова

Zvereva

2023

Powders

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“…In another experiment, Rahim et al [124] recently reported the preparation of polyaniline and copper oxide-(PANI-CuO-) doped sulfuric acid (H 2 SO 4 ) composites. The doped composite has higher conductivity, exhibits good response/recovery speed in experiments, and has excellent stability.…”

Section: Metal Oxide Dopingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Doping with Other Inorganic Substances. In the selection of copper oxide doping materials, inorganic compounds such as potassium chloride (KCl) [87] and sulfuric acid (H 2 SO 4 ) [124] are occasionally used to improve the moisture-sensitive properties of composites. When water vapor is adsorbed on the outer layer of the sensing element, such inorganic substances can be effectively dissolved into the adsorbed water and dissociated into an ionic state under the action of local charge density and strong electrostatic field.…”

Section: Metal Oxide Dopingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research Progress on Humidity-Sensing Properties of Cu-Based Humidity Sensors: A Review

Wang

Zeng

2022

Journal of Sensors

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Novel humidity sensors based on semiconducting metal oxides with good humidity-sensing properties have attracted extensive attention, which due to their high sensitivity at room temperature, high safety, low hysteresis, and long-term stability. As a typical p-type semiconductor metal oxide, CuO is considered to be a high-performance moisture-sensitive material; however, with the development of production, the complex working environment has put forward higher requirements for its humidity sensitivity, especially sensitivity and stability. In this regard, workers around the world are working to improve the moisture-sensing properties of sensing elements. In this review, the humidity-sensing properties of CuO-based moisture-sensitive materials are comprehensively summarized, focusing on effective measures to improve the moisture-sensing properties of CuO-based moisture-sensitive materials, including surface modification and nanocomposites. The future research of semiconducting metal oxide humidity-sensitive materials is also prospected.

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“…16,17 Several conducting polymers have traditionally been employed in the production of room temperature gas sensors. 18 Among these PANI the most extensively researched conductive polymers (CPs) 19 as a sensor. Various organic, inorganic 20,21 and their hybrid materials [22][23][24] have also been used in ammonia sensor applications with different effects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and characterization of highly sensitive ammonia sensor based on polyaniline/bismuth doped zinc oxide composites

Rahim,

Ullah,

Ahmad

et al. 2024

Polymer Composites

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Highly efficient gas sensors fabrication having low detection limits have been one of key research area due to the industrial, environmental and other technological applications. In this study, polyaniline/bismuth doped zinc oxide (PANI/Bi‐ZnO) was prepared via inverse emulsion polymerization and it was coated over a substrate with staggered electrodes to create a highly efficient ammonia (NH3) sensor. The UV/Vis investigation, fourier transformed infrared (FTIR), raman spectral analysis, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to describe the structure and morphology of prepared samples. At room temperature, the PANI/Bi‐ZnO sensor's sensitivity to various NH3 gas concentrations ranging from 20 to 100 ppm was examined. According to the experimental findings, the PANI/Bi‐ZnO film exhibits outstanding performance of response and selectivity. The response at 20 ppm NH3 was as high as ⁓100%. The response and recovery time was also calculated at 20 ppm and was 11/15 s. The contact between p‐n heterojunctions in the composite is responsible for the exceptional sensitivity of PANI/Bi‐ZnO towards NH3 sensing.Highlights Synthesis of Bi doped ZnO composites with PANI at room temperature Fabrication of highly sensitive and efficient resistive type ammonia sensor Selective and robust detection of ammonia by the fabricated sensor High sensitivity with low limit of detection offered by the sensor Response of the fabricated sensor at 20 ppm NH3 was as high as ⁓100%

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Highly Efficient Humidity Sensor Based on Sulfuric Acid Doped Polyaniline-Copper Oxide Composites

Cited by 11 publications

References 41 publications

Mechanochemical Synthesis and DC Electrical Conductivity of PANI-Based MWCNT Containing Nanocomposites with Te0 and Bi2Te3 Thermoelectric Nanophase

Mechanochemical Synthesis and DC Electrical Conductivity of PANI-Based MWCNT Containing Nanocomposites with Te0 and Bi2Te3 Thermoelectric Nanophase

Research Progress on Humidity-Sensing Properties of Cu-Based Humidity Sensors: A Review

Synthesis and characterization of highly sensitive ammonia sensor based on polyaniline/bismuth doped zinc oxide composites

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