Highly efficient intumescent flame retardant coating for <scp>ABS</scp>: Preparation and application

Chen, Jia; Li, Rong; Fang, Wei; Liu, Jiyan; Liu, Xueqing

doi:10.1002/app.51860

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Raman spectroscopy also corroborated the compactness of the char layers observed in the SEM images (Figure a 4 –e 4 ). Generally, the ratio of the D (1310–1320 cm –1 ) and G band (1590–1610 cm –1 ) integral ( I D / I G ) can be used to evaluate the degree of graphitization of carbon. , A higher graphitization degree of char results in a better thermal stability, corresponding to a better flame retardancy. , WPC/PATA 1 /APP 2 displays the lowest I D / I G value (1.42) compared to WPC/APP (1.95), WPC/PATA (2.14), WPC/PATA 2 /APP 1 (1.74), and WPC/PATA 1 /APP 1 (1.58), indicating the highest degree of graphitization among these samples. Char layers with lower I D/ I G values have better insulating properties during combustion.…”

Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bio-Based Flame-Retardant and Smoke-Suppressing Wood Plastic Composites Enabled by Phytic Acid Tyramine Salt

Leng

Zhao

et al. 2022

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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Using bio-based chemicals and recycling waste plastics are essential components of the circular economy. Wood−plastic composites (WPCs), fabricated from recycled plastic and wood-processing wastes, are new, green, and environmentally friendly materials. However, their flammability causes potential fire risks and hazards. Although bio-based flame retardants possess the essential advantage over inorganic or petroleum-based chemicals, their application, particularly that of fully bio-based flame retardants, in WPC has been seldom reported. Herein, we designed and synthesized a fully bio-based flame retardant, phytic acid-tyramine salt (referred to as PATA), using a green and environmentally friendly approach with only deionized water as the reaction solvent. PATA is subsequently utilized in conjunction with ammonium polyphosphate (APP) to synergistically impart flame-retardant properties to WPCs. PATA/APP shows a good flame-retardant effect, improving the flame retardant and smoke suppression properties of WPCs. The PATA/APP system can increase the limiting oxygen index by 31% and achieve a vertical combustion V-0 rating. Furthermore, the PATA/APP system can reduce the peak heat release rate, total heat release, and maximum smoke density by 49, 22, and 15%, respectively. The PATA/APP system can generate phosphoric acid substances during combustion, which promote the decomposition of wood flour to form stable char layers containing P−N−C or P−O−C structures. Consequently, we provide an environmental-friendly approach to enhance the flame retardancy of WPCs.

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Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bio-Based Flame-Retardant and Smoke-Suppressing Wood Plastic Composites Enabled by Phytic Acid Tyramine Salt

Leng

Zhao

et al. 2022

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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“…In addition, the flame retardancy mechanism can be examined and analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and thermogravimetric analysis/infrared spectroscopy (TG-IR) . The P element, N element, and Al element in the flame-retardant coating can synergize the flame-retardant effect . We will refer to the above methods to analyze flame retarding.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…25 The P element, N element, and Al element in the flame-retardant coating can synergize the flameretardant effect. 26 We will refer to the above methods to analyze flame retarding. Three ingredients are often included in IFR coating formulations: the acid source, the blowing agent, and the carbonizing agent.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flexible and Self-Powered Thermal Sensor Based on Graphene-Modified Intumescent Flame-Retardant Coating with Hybridized Nanogenerators

Shie

Chen

et al. 2023

ACS Appl. Nano Mater.

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The number of fire events that risk human life, the economy, and the environment has significantly increased in recent years. Uncontrolled fires are one of the main causes of building collapse. Due to the high smoke concentration threshold or infrared detection temperature required to activate the fire detector, the response time is long, and the fire warning and prevention effect are not ideal. For effective monitoring and early warning of fires, an innovative fire alarm system was fabricated in this study. This system combines a highly flexible and self-powered thermal sensor (FSTS) as well as a commercial light emitting diode (LED). The FSTS is a fire-retardant sensor and very easy to install. The innovation of this paper is the hierarchical structure of the FSTS. It combines a graphene-modified intumescent flame retardant (GIFR) flame-retardant coating layer with a self-powered PVDF-based nanogenerator, which shows an innovative design in the area of fire sensors. The structure integrates poly(vinylidenefluoride-co-trifluoroethylene) (PVDF-TrFE) micro/nano fibers (MNFs) deposited by a near-field electrospinning (NFES) process and an electrostatic friction layer by polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) rolling over technology with a fully encapsulated GIFR coating. It can be used as a motion-induced energy harvester with a self-powered fire alarm system. The voltage output of the FSTS reaches 11.8 V, which can be easily matched with a bridge rectifier circuit to charge capacitors in daily life. The unique feature of the FSTS is that, at room temperature, the FSTS is electrically insulating; however, it conducts electricity at high temperatures. In a fire, high temperatures cause the coating to char and expand transitioning from an electrically insulating state to a conducting state. In this way, warning lights connected to the FSTS will respond within a short period (∼3 s), alerting people immediately so that urgent action can be taken. KEYWORDS: near-field electrospinning (NFES), poly(vinylidenefluoride-co-trifluoroethylene) (PVDF-TrFE), micro/nano fibers (MNFs), graphene-modified intumescent flame-retardant coating (GIFR coating), flexible self-powered thermal sensor (FSTS)

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“…7,24 The incorporation of MC into a bulk polymer is accomplished in a variety of methods such as mechanical processing in the melt state, solution-based mixing, or insitu during polymerization. 20,22,[24][25][26] In situ and solutionbased incorporation of MC is advantageous as it drastically decreases the average MC particle size and improves the dispersion of the crystalline particles in the polymer matrix. However, this method is limited to polymers with compatible synthetic processes or chemical properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identifying optimal dispersant aids for flame retardant additives in tetramethyl cyclobutanediol‐based copolyesters

Jacob

Cable

Dadmun

2022

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Proper dispersion of an additive throughout a polymer matrix is essential to achieving the desired effects of the additive. Typically, this dispersion is difficult due to poor interactions between the polymer and additive. In the case of melamine cyanurate (MC), an extensive hydrogen bonding network among the principal components results in large domains that prevent it from adequately dispersing within many polymer matrices. Adding a hydrogen bonding capable polymer that competes with intramolecular hydrogen bonding of the MC may lead to a reduction in MC domain size. The disruption of intramolecular MC hydrogen bonding was monitored with attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, while crystalline domain size was determined with scanning electron microscopy. Water-soluble polymers are identified as an ideal category of dispersing aids for their hydrogen bonding ability and compatibility with melamine cyanurate. Disrupting the hydrogen bonding network on an atomic level with a water-soluble polymer dispersant led to at least a 50% reduction in measured particle size, as well as in increase in the domain size's homogeneity, as indicated by a 75% reduction in the polydispersity of particle sizes in melt mix samples.

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Highly efficient intumescent flame retardant coating for ABS: Preparation and application

Abstract: A novel approach has been proposed to enhance the flame retardancy of ABS by a highly efficient intumescent flame retardant coating, which was prepared by aluminum-ethylene glycol methyl propionate cyclohexanediol phosphonate (EMPCP-Al), polyvinyl formal (PVFO) and melamine cyanurate with

Cited by 10 publications

References 35 publications

Bio-Based Flame-Retardant and Smoke-Suppressing Wood Plastic Composites Enabled by Phytic Acid Tyramine Salt

Bio-Based Flame-Retardant and Smoke-Suppressing Wood Plastic Composites Enabled by Phytic Acid Tyramine Salt

Flexible and Self-Powered Thermal Sensor Based on Graphene-Modified Intumescent Flame-Retardant Coating with Hybridized Nanogenerators

Identifying optimal dispersant aids for flame retardant additives in tetramethyl cyclobutanediol‐based copolyesters

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