Highly efficient resonantly pumped 2000 nm Tm:YAG ceramic laser

Liu, Xiaolan; Huang, H. K.; Shen, Deyuan; Li, Xuan; Zhang, Xiaoqi; Liu, Jun; Zhang, Jian; Tang, Dewei

doi:10.1117/1.oe.53.4.040501

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…One reason for this scarcity is that the pump sources used are relatively complex and consist of several pumping steps, e.g. cryogeniccooled Co:MgF 2 laser, 17 diode-pumped Er:YAG laser 30 or more often, Raman-shifted Er:fiber-laser. 29 Therefore resonant pumping could be prohibitively costly and difficult to achieve.…”

Section: Resonant Pumping Of Thulium 2000 Nm Transitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficient resonant diode pumping of 2 µm thulium lasers at 1.7 µm

Kratochvíl,

Šulc,

Nemec

et al. 2024

Solid State Lasers XXXIII: Technology and Devices

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Tm 3+ -doped media are actively researched due to the 2 µm laser transition 3 F 4 → 3 H 6 of Tm 3+ ion. A diode pumping of the 3 H 4 manifold has become a standard excitation method, utilizing the availability of 0.8 µm GaAlAs-based diodes and efficient cross-relaxation energy transfer. An essential drawback of this scheme results from a strong inter-ionic distance dependence of the cross-relaxation, which therefore requires sufficient Tm 3+ doping to achieve the desired quantum efficiency. This can in turn result in an increased probability of up-conversion losses, clustering of Tm 3+ ions, increased generated heat, more difficulties with material growth, and less favorable thermal properties. In this proceeding, we aim to bring attention to the resonant diode pumping of the 3 F 4 manifold in the 1.6-1.8 µm region and its feasibility. This excitation scheme has a low quantum defect, it circumvents the cross-relaxation requirements, and it is supported by broad absorption peaks. The commercial availability and output power of such diodes is already adequate for a solid-state laser pump source. To illustrate the feasibility, we summarize and expand our results with lasers based on Tm:YAG, Tm:YAP, Tm:YLF, Tm:GGAG and Tm, Ho:GGAG. Crystals were pumped using a 25 W fiber-coupled 1:1 focused diode laser (core diam. = 400 µm, waist diam. = 376 µm, NA = 0.22, M 2 = 52) emitting in the 1.68-1.71 µm region. Despite the relatively low spatial and spectral quality of the used 1.7 µm diode emission, favorable results were obtained, such as an efficiency of 80% with respect to absorbed power, multi-watt output power in CW regime, or efficient operation of low-concentration crystals.

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Section: Resonant Pumping Of Thulium 2000 Nm Transitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficient resonant diode pumping of 2 µm thulium lasers at 1.7 µm

Kratochvíl,

Šulc,

Nemec

et al. 2024

Solid State Lasers XXXIII: Technology and Devices

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“…Direct excitation of Tm 3+ ions into the upper laser level 3 F 4 results in the reduced thermal load and high laser efficiency compared to the diode pumping into 3 H 4 level with the subsequent cross relaxation ( 3 H 4 , 3 H 6 ) → ( 3 F 4 , 3 F 4 ) of the Tm 3+ ions with phonon assistance (figure 1). The high-efficiency lasers and amplifiers based on Tm 3+ :YLF or Tm 3+ :CaGdAlO 4 crystals, and Tm 3+ :YAG, Tm 3+ :Lu 2 O 3 or Tm 3+ :Y 2 O 3 ceramic with the in-band pumping at 1615 nm and 1670-1678 nm were recently reported in a number of papers [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20]. The 2 µm lasers based on the highly-Tm 3+ -doped YAG, YAP and YLF crystals with 1695 nm diode pumping were also presented [21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The in-band pumping of the 3 H 6 -3 F 4 Tm 3+ -ion transition enables the high-efficiency and high-power operation of Tm 3+ -doped lasers at 1900-2100 nm with a low quantum defect [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20]. Direct excitation of Tm 3+ ions into the upper laser level 3 F 4 results in the reduced thermal load and high laser efficiency compared to the diode pumping into 3 H 4 level with the subsequent cross relaxation ( 3 H 4 , 3 H 6 ) → ( 3 F 4 , 3 F 4 ) of the Tm 3+ ions with phonon assistance (figure 1).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CW and Q-switched operations of a Tm³⁺:YAP laser at 1892–1994 nm In-band fiber-laser pumped at 1670 nm

Антипов¹,

Dobrynin²,

Getmanovskiy³

et al. 2022

Laser Phys.

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Tm3+:YAP lasers in-band fiber-laser pumped at 1670 nm with a linear or L-shaped cavity were studied in CW, actively and passively Q-switched regimes. High-efficiency CW and repetitively-pulsed operations were registered at three spectral regions: 1987–1994 nm, 1935–1941 nm and 1892–1897 nm. The transition between these three spectral regions was achieved by controlling the pump power and the output mirror in a laser cavity. The highest CW output power that was achieved without degrading the beam quality was 12.2 W at the 52% slope efficiency with respect to the incident pump. Acousto-optically Q-switched operation with the average power of 9.8 W at the 20 kHz pulse repetition rate (PRR) and 6 W at 3 kHz PRR was achieved, the pulse energy was scaled up to 2.7 mJ at 0.5 kHz PRR. The passive Q-switch operation at 1935–1938 nm was obtained using a Cr2+:ZnSe saturable absorber; the pulse energy reached 150 µJ at the 20 kHz PRR

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“…Pumping Tm 3+ -ion directly to their upper laser level ( 3 H 6 → 3 F 4 ) can effectively alleviate severe thermal loading in high power Tm 3+ -doped solid-state lasers, leading to the prospects of much improved lasing efficiencies and near-diffraction-limited beam quality [15], [16]. Efficient operation of in-band pumped Tm solid-state lasers have been demonstrated previously with versatile configurations [17]- [23]. Tm:YAG ceramic laser resonantly pumped using an 1617 nm Er:YAG solid state laser has been demonstrated generating 7.3 W of output power at 2015 nm [21].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Tm:YAG ceramic laser resonantly pumped using an 1617 nm Er:YAG solid state laser has been demonstrated generating 7.3 W of output power at 2015 nm [21]. Using a VBG for spectrum control and narrowing, 1.4 W of single longitudinal mode and 1.6 W of narrow linewidth (0.26 nm FWHM) output power have been generated from Tm:YAG ceramic laser pumped at 788 nm and 1617 nm, respectively [22], [23].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

High Power and Efficient Operation of Tm:YAG Ceramic Laser Resonantly Pumped at 1620 nm

Huang

ren

Wang³

et al. 2022

IEEE Photonics J.

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We report on high power and narrow linewidth laser operation of home-developed high optical quality Tm:YAG ceramic. The Tm 3+ ion is pumped directly to the upper energy level of the ∼ 2 µm laser transition ( 3 F 4 → 3 H 6 ) using a high power 1620 nm fiber Raman laser. The laser generated 15.1 W of output at 2013 nm in free running for 27.4 W of absorbed pump power, corresponding to a slope efficiency of 64.0% with respect to absorbed pump power. Employing a reflecting volume Bragg grating (VBG) as a resonator mirror and for spectrum control, the laser generated 11.8 W of 0.1 nm narrow linewidth output at 2015 nm for ∼24 W of absorbed pump power, corresponding to a slope efficiency of 61.5%.

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Highly efficient resonantly pumped 2000 nm Tm:YAG ceramic laser

Cited by 7 publications

References 21 publications

Efficient resonant diode pumping of 2 µm thulium lasers at 1.7 µm

Efficient resonant diode pumping of 2 µm thulium lasers at 1.7 µm

CW and Q-switched operations of a Tm³⁺:YAP laser at 1892–1994 nm In-band fiber-laser pumped at 1670 nm

High Power and Efficient Operation of Tm:YAG Ceramic Laser Resonantly Pumped at 1620 nm

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Highly efficient resonantly pumped 2000 nm Tm:YAG ceramic laser

Cited by 7 publications

References 21 publications

Efficient resonant diode pumping of 2 µm thulium lasers at 1.7 µm

Efficient resonant diode pumping of 2 µm thulium lasers at 1.7 µm

CW and Q-switched operations of a Tm3+:YAP laser at 1892–1994 nm In-band fiber-laser pumped at 1670 nm

High Power and Efficient Operation of Tm:YAG Ceramic Laser Resonantly Pumped at 1620 nm

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CW and Q-switched operations of a Tm³⁺:YAP laser at 1892–1994 nm In-band fiber-laser pumped at 1670 nm