A series of novel well-defined Ag/AgX (X = Cl, Br, I) loaded carbon nanotubes (CNTs) composite photocatalysts (Ag/AgX-CNTs) were fabricated for the first time via a facile ultrasonic assistant deposition−precipitation method at the room temperature (25 ± 1°C). X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, nitrogen adsorption−desorption analysis, scanning electron microscopy, and ultraviolet−visible light absorption spectra analysis were used to characterize the structure, morphology, and optical properties of the asprepared photocatalysts. Results confirmed the existence of the direct interfacial contact between Ag/AgX nanoparticles and CNTs, and Ag/AgX-CNTs nanocomposites exhibit superior absorbance in the visible light (VL) region owing to the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) of Ag nanoparticles. The fabricated composite photocatalysts were employed to remove 2,4,6-tribromophenol (TBP) in aqueous phase. A remarkably enhanced VL photocatalytic degradation efficiency of Ag/AgX-CNTs nanocomposites was observed when compared to that of pure AgX or CNTs. The photocatalytic activity enhancement of Ag/AgX-CNTs was due to the effective electron transfer from photoexcited AgX and plasmon-excited Ag(0) nanoparticles to CNTs. This can effectively decrease the recombination of electron−hole pairs, lead to a prolonged lifetime of the photoholes that promotes the degradation efficiency. KEYWORDS: plasmonic photocatalyst, carbon nanotube supporter, silver halides, visible light, photocatalytic activity
■ INTRODUCTIONPhotocatalysis technique, as a cost-effective means for solar energy utilization, hydrogen production, and environmental purification, has been focused by many researchers. 1−7 In recent years, highly efficient visible-light-driven (VLD) photocatalyst development has been recognized as an important goal in the field of photocatalysis. Generally, two major approaches have been frequently employed to fabricate VLD photocatalyst. One is to modify TiO 2 -based photocatalyst to extend the light absorption spectrum from the UV to VL region by elements doping, 2 noble metal deposition, 3,8 12 Despite the noticeable progress, these VLD photocatalysts still have some drawbacks, such as relatively low VL photocatalytic activity and poor stability, limiting their practical applications. It is therefore highly desirable to develop highly efficient VLD photocatalysts that could meet the needs for applications in environmental and energy fields.Currently, the localized surface plasmon resonance (SPR) effect of noble-metal nanoparticles (e.g., Ag and Au) has become a research focus in the development of VLD photocatalysts. 13 The VL activity of plasmonic photocatalyst is originated from the distinctive plasmon resonance effect in VL region that has been well demonstrated for metallic Au and Ag nanoparticles. 4,14−19 Also a number of Ag/AgX (X = Cl, Br)-based materials, such as graphene sheets grafted Ag/AgCl, 1 graphene oxide (GO) enwrapped Ag/AgX (X = Cl, Br) nanocomposite, 16 Ag/AgBr@TiO 2 , 18 Ag/AgCl@H 2 WO...