Highly flexible, wearable, and disposable cardiac biosensors for remote and ambulatory monitoring

Lee, Stephen P.; Ha, Grace K.; Wright, Don E.; Ma, Yinji; Sen-Gupta, Ellora; Haubrich, Natalie R.; Branche, P.C.; Li, Weihua; Huppert, Gilbert L.; Johnson, Matthew H.; Mutlu, Hakan B.; Li, Kan; Sheth, Nirav; Wright, John A.; Huang, Yonggang; Mansour, Moussa; Li, Jinghua; Ghaffari, Roozbeh

doi:10.1038/s41746-017-0009-x

Cited by 174 publications

(106 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…An ECG is induced from the electrical activity of the sinoatrial (SA) node and cardiac conduction system (CCS) of the heart, which can be measured invasively from the heart or epidermally. The depolarizing and repolarizing surface potential differences can be noninvasively measured through multi‐lead electrodes located on the chest (Figure a, left) or limbs . The quality of an ECG measured using surface electrodes is largely dependent upon the electrode–skin interface impedance and noise induced by motion .…”

Section: Soft Bioelectronics For Monitoringmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Wearable and Implantable Devices for Cardiovascular Healthcare: from Monitoring to Therapy Based on Flexible and Stretchable Electronics

Hong

Jeong

Cho

et al. 2019

Adv Funct Materials

425

271

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Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death and has dramatically increased in recent years. Continuous cardiac monitoring is particularly important for early diagnosis and prevention, and flexible and stretchable electronic devices have emerged as effective tools for this purpose. Their thin, soft, and deformable features allow intimate and long-term integration with biotissues, which enables continuous, high-fidelity, and sometimes large-area cardiac monitoring on the skin and/or heart surface. In addition to monitoring, intimate contact is also crucial for high-precision therapies. Combined with tissue engineering, soft bioelectronics have also demonstrated the capability to repair damaged cardiac tissues. This review highlights the recent advances in wearable and implantable devices based on flexible and stretchable electronics for cardiovascular monitoring and therapy. First, wearable/implantable soft bioelectronics for cardiovascular monitoring (e.g., the electrocardiogram, blood pressure, and oxygen saturation level) are reviewed. Then, advances in cardiovascular therapy based on soft bioelectronics (e.g., mesh pacing, ablation, robotic sleeves, and electronic stents) are discussed. Finally, device-assisted tissue engineering therapy (e.g., functional electronic scaffolds and in vitro cardiac platforms) is discussed.

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Section: Soft Bioelectronics For Monitoringmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…a) Schematics of wearable monitoring devices including an ECG monitoring device (left) and pulse oximetry (right). Reproduced with permission . Copyright 2018, Nature Publishing Group, Copyright 2014, Nature Publishing Group, respectively.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wearable and Implantable Devices for Cardiovascular Healthcare: from Monitoring to Therapy Based on Flexible and Stretchable Electronics

Hong

Jeong

Cho

et al. 2019

Adv Funct Materials

425

271

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The raw signal from wearable sensors should be preprocessed on board and transmitting only useful information to the next terminal to reduce the density of data packets and lower the energy consumption. For example, ECG waveform consist of three main components, which are atria depolarization (P wave), ventricle depolarization (QRS wave), and ventricle repolarization (T wave) . In a normal situation, these signals would be fairly consistence.…”

Section: Wearable Communications and Data Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disruptive, Soft, Wearable Sensors

et al. 2019

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www.advmat.de www.advancedsciencenews.com Such soft wearable devices will be lightweight and thin, soft, and elastic, inexpensive, and durable. These devices will be skinattachable, flexible, stretchable, bendable and twistable whilst maintaining excellent sensing performances. Such disruptive WT products will ultimately transform current rigid wearable 1.0 to future wearable 2.0 products (Figure 1), enabling sensitive, accurate yet specific health monitoring anytime and anywhere.While the disruptive soft WT is still in the embryonic stage of development, there have been intensive worldwide materials [1c,8] push with a purpose to develop thinner, softer, ideally invisible and unfeelable electronics. [9] Unlike wearable 1.0 which typically starts from device, wearable 2.0 requires the design starts from materials innovation. In this context, novel structural design and the use of novel materials are the two viable strategies. [1b,10] For the former, serpentine design and prestrained treatment enable the stretchabilities; [11] as for the later, various nanomaterials including silver nanowires, [12] gold nanowires, [13] carbon nanotubes, [14] and graphene [15] have been widely explored.A typical soft WT research covers comprehensively all the key components in progressive sequences, namely, wear → sense → communicate → analyze → interpret → decide (Figure 2). This requires multidisciplinary collaborations across interdisciplinary boundaries. As a starting point, wearable materials should be designed to consider factors such as in soft/hard material interface, breathability, biocompatibility, etc. Then wearable sensors may be fabricated and evaluated with regards to key parameters including sensitivity, specificity, reusability, and durability. Once the sensors' performances have been fully evaluated, their integration with wireless modules such as Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) or wireless fidelity (WIFI) needs to be considered. One of key limitations is the wearable powering solution. It is encouraging to see the commercial products of paper lithium battery and development of soft energy devices in academia. [16] In addition to hardware, designing user-friendly graphical user interfaces (GUIs) is necessary and the development of suitable apps is important for seamless data acquisition of timelapsed biometric signals in a wireless manner. The signals will be then analyzed and interpreted, enabling efficient algorithm for rapid signal processing and decision support. The analysis of electrical signals will help understand and predict the relationship between biometric data and sensing signals generated by soft wearable materials. This will allow us to understand the key parameters related to biological conditions such as cardiac health, [17] sporting activities, [18] and aged care behaviors. [19] Here, we discuss all of the above key aspects of next-generation of disruptive soft wearable technologies but with a focus on materials aspect. Nevertheless, it also emphasizes the significance of cross-disciplinary colla...

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“…In recent years, flexible electronics have been extensively investigated to break through the intrinsic limitations of rigid electronics, leading to the realization of unprecedented form factors for unconventional user experiences . This is because of the lightweight, portable, and human‐friendly interface characteristics of the flexible devices.…”

Section: Flexible Memristive Devicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unconventional Inorganic‐Based Memristive Devices for Advanced Intelligent Systems

Sung

Kim

et al. 2019

Adv Materials Technologies

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The latest progresses in software engineering such as cloud computing, big data analysis, and machine learning have accelerated the emergence of advanced intelligent systems (AIS). However, the current computing system has significant challenges in dealing with unstructured data (e.g., image, voice, physiological signals) because the von‐Neumann bottleneck induces latency and power consumption issues. Neuromorphic computing, which imitates the behaviors of neuron and synapse within the biological neural network, is considered a promising solution beyond von‐Neumann architecture, since its collocated structure of processor and memory enables parallel processing of unstructured data with remarkable efficiency. Memristors are considered as next‐generation nonvolatile memory devices due to fast speed, low power, and excellent scalability. However, a low reliability and leakage current issues remain as obstacle to the commercialization of memristors. Memristive devices have been widely investigated as a strong candidate for artificial synapses since their resistance modulation characteristics under electrical stimulus are analogous to the plasticity of the brain synapse. Although emulation of synaptic behavior by single memristor cells is demonstrated by many researchers, the development of fully functional memristive neural network requires further investigations. This paper introduces the recent advances and developments in the field of inorganic‐based unconventional memristive devices for future AIS applications.

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Highly flexible, wearable, and disposable cardiac biosensors for remote and ambulatory monitoring

Cited by 174 publications

References 46 publications

Wearable and Implantable Devices for Cardiovascular Healthcare: from Monitoring to Therapy Based on Flexible and Stretchable Electronics

Wearable and Implantable Devices for Cardiovascular Healthcare: from Monitoring to Therapy Based on Flexible and Stretchable Electronics

Disruptive, Soft, Wearable Sensors

Unconventional Inorganic‐Based Memristive Devices for Advanced Intelligent Systems

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