Highly fluorescent carbon dots from wheat bran as a novel drug delivery system for bacterial inhibition

Abstract

In this study, we prepared carbon dots (CDs) from wheat bran via hydrothermal treatment at 180°C for 3 h. The prepared CDs showed blue‐green fluorescence under UV light. The fluorescence emission study of the CDs revealed that they showed maximum fluorescence emission at 500 nm. The prepared CDs showed a high quantum yield of 33.23%. Solvent‐dependent fluorescence emission analysis of the CDs was performed to study the variation in fluorescence emission characteristics with solvent polarity. The prepared CDs were conjugated with amoxicillin (AMX) to explore its potential for use as a drug delivery agent for AMX. The drug release profile of the CD–AMX conjugates was analyzed at different pH (5.0, 6.8 and 7.2) to study drug release kinetics. CD–AMX conjugates showed notable bacterial inhibition against Gram‐positive (S. aureus) and Gram‐negative (E. coli) strains with minimal cytotoxic effects, indicating its potential as a promising antibacterial drug delivery system.

Gastroprotective effects of Nelumbinis Rhizomatis Nodus carbonisata-derived carbon dots on ethanol-induced gastric ulcers in rats

“…The development of a green, simple and eco-friendly method for the preparation of bio-sourced CDs has become the focus of research with the development and in-depth study of CDs. It has been reported that many natural plants as precursors were prepared the green CDs, such as pear juice [19] ,gynostemma [20],wheat bran [21] and citrus fruit peels [22], etc. In this paper, the novel NRNC-CDs were prepared from NRN by a simple method, and this methode no added any toxic reagents or chemicals.…”

“…These CDs are required no further tedious modi cation and puri cation steps [23][24][25]. In recent years, CDs are widely used in biomedical sciences, and the most studied property of CDs are their photoluminescence owing to its wide application in bioimaging, optoelectronicsand spectroscopic methods [26]. With continuous in-depth research on carbon dots, it has been found that it has great potential in treating diseases [27].…”

Carbon Dots as an Emergent Class of Antimicrobial Agents

“…This strategy furnished CDs that displayed on their surface entire or active fragments of the antibiotic precursor used as starting material, providing a nanomaterial capable of killing bacteria through combined antibiotic delivery, membrane damage and photodynamic effects. Nonetheless, in most reported examples, CDs are produced from cheaper carbon sources and their surface is typically postfunctionalized with antibacterial agents either via covalent or noncovalent ligation techniques [ 103 , 104 ], and some of the key examples will be discussed below.…”

Natural source of carbon dots from part of a plant and its applications: a review

“…The advantages of CDs are biocompatibility, reduced toxic, biodegradability, and easy synthesis, and indicated that they are the best candidates for drug delivery. [ 38 ] Shao et al in 2020 successfully synthesized CDs from mulberry leaf ( Morus alba L.) residues for use with the drug Lycorine and these have also been successfully applied for simultaneous intracellular imaging and anticancer cell activity. [ 58 ] John et al in 2019 also prepared CDs using wheat bran as a drug delivery agent for amoxicillin (AMX); at different pH (5.0, 6.8 and 7.2) it was an antibacterial drug delivery agent with minimal cytotoxic effects.…”

“…[ 58 ] John et al in 2019 also prepared CDs using wheat bran as a drug delivery agent for amoxicillin (AMX); at different pH (5.0, 6.8 and 7.2) it was an antibacterial drug delivery agent with minimal cytotoxic effects. [ 38 ]…”