Highly Fluorescent Metal–Organic Frameworks Based on a Benzene-Cored Tetraphenylethene Derivative with the Ability To Detect 2,4,6-Trinitrophenol in Water

Abstract

One tetracarboxylate functionalized benzene-cored tetraphenylethene derivative was designed as a linker for construction of aggregation-induced emission (AIE) active metal−organic frameworks (MOFs), which exhibit the distinct AIE behavior. Two two-dimensional MOFs materials, MOF-1 and MOF-2, have been successfully synthesized by using the organic linker precursor. Photophysical studies reveal that both MOFs exhibit remarkable fluorescent properties with the absolute quantum yield as high as 43%. The high PL efficiency, good water stability, as well as the electron-donating nature of prepared MOF materials, allow us to explore their potentials in sensing applications for electron-deficient nitro explosives in aqueous media. Especially, water-stable MOF-2 exhibits superior sensitivity and selectivity toward 2,4,6-trinitrophenol (TNP) over other selected nitro analytes, including nitromethane, 2,3-dimethyl-dinitrobutane, nitrobenzene, 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene, 2,6dinitrotoluene, 2,4-dinitrotoluene, 1,3-dinitrobenzene, with the detection limit for TNP as low as 0.49 μM (∼110 ppb). In virtue of its excellent detection efficiency, applicability in water and reusability, MOF-2 can be a promising fluorescent sensor material for the practical TNP sensing.

Nitrogen-Rich Tetraphenylethene-Based Luminescent Metal–Organic Framework for Efficient Detection of Carcinogens

“…The immobilization of the TPE-based H 4 TCPTAPE ligand into a rigid framework had an advantage, which was that the rotation and torsion of phenyl rings could be further inhibited, leading to an increased fluorescence quantum yield. 40 Solid-state luminescent properties of complex 1 and activated 1 were investigated at room temperature ( Figure 3 B). The complex 1 showed strong blue emission peaking at 493 nm upon excitation at 365 nm, owing to the AIE effect of TPE units.…”

Synthesis, Structure, and Properties of Cadmium(II) Centered Chiral Coordination Polymer based on (R)‐6‐(1‐Carboxyethoxy)‐2‐naphthoic Acid

“…Based on previous research, there are three mechanisms, by which a nitro compound can quench the luminescence of coordination polymers: (1) photoinduced electron transfer mechanism; (2) fluorescence resonance energy transfer mechanism; and (3) molecular interaction mechanism . The UV/Vis spectra of TNT in the DMF solution were recorded.…”

Tailoring Coordination Polymers by Substituent Effect: A Bifunctional CoII‐Doped 1D‐Coordination Network with Electrochemical Water Oxidation and Nitroaromatics Sensing

“…Further, the presence of LUMO of the CPs at elevated energy levels than the LUMO of the NACs facilitates the electron transfer and promotes the effective quenching. Lower the LUMO energy level of NACs, easier it is for the electron to be transferred to the electron‐deficient nitro aromatics, resulting in an efficient fluorescence quenching . However, the nonlinear nature in the SV plot and effective overlap of the emission spectra of the sensor with the absorption band of the nitroanalyte supports energy transfer between analytes and the host (Figure S26), here TNP showed highest degree of spectral overlap that significantly improved its quenching efficiency .…”