Highly fluorinated graphite prepared from graphite fluoride formed using BF3 catalyst

Tribological Properties of Room Temperature Fluorinated Graphite Heat-Treated Under Fluorine Atmosphere

“…The volatile fluorides MF n used are BF 3 and ClF 3 , leading to the fluorinated materials noted B and C, respectively. The reaction time is 14 h. The synthesis method is precisely described elsewhere [14,15]. The compounds are then treated under fluorine atmosphere at temperatures, noted T FPT , ranging from 150 to 600°C leading to two series of compounds, named B(T FPT ) and C(T FPT ).…”

“…The evaluation of this weight uptake attributed to fluorine allows us to determine the stoichiometry of the compounds and consequently the F/C ratio. The structural characterization reveals that the compounds obtained at room temperature are stage 1 GICs in which fluorine but also MF n and HF n species are intercalated between the graphene sheets [14,15]. The thermal post-treatment under fluorine atmosphere of the GICs obtained at room temperature will induce important structure evolutions depending on T FPT .…”

“…4 and 5, respectively in the wave number range 1000-1800 cm -1 . The solid lines shown at 1350 and 1580 cm -1 indicate the position of the Raman bands corresponding to the D and G bands classically observed in the Table 2 Evolution of the fluorine content (expressed as atomic F/C ratio determined from weight uptake [14,15]) and interlayer spacing (deduced from XRD patterns [14,15]) as a function of fluorination post-treatment temperature T FPT for B (synthesized with F 2 -HF-BF 3 gaseous mixture) and C (synthesized with F 2 -HF-ClF x gaseous mixture) series Raman spectrum of graphite [18][19][20]. The G band is attributed to the optical E 2g mode of the carbon atoms and the D mode is associated to disorder.…”

“…Recently, graphite fluorides obtained at room temperature by the reaction of graphite with gaseous F 2 , HF, and MF n mixture (the volatile fluorides MF n used were IF 5 , BF 3 , and ClF 3 ) have been treated under fluorine at temperatures between 100 and 600°C [11][12][13][14][15]. The coexistence of sp 2 and sp 3 carbon atoms confers to these materials interesting electrochemical properties for primary lithium batteries [16].…”

Tribological Properties of Fluorinated Carbon Nanofibres

“…Recently, graphite fluorides were obtained at room temperature by reaction of graphite with gaseous fluorine in the presence of HF and volatile fluoride MF n (IF 5 , BF 3 ) as catalysts [7][8][9]. In these materials, the nature of the C-F bond evolves from semi-ionic (sp 2 hybridization of carbon atoms) to covalent (sp 3 hybridization of carbon atoms) depending on the synthesis conditions.…”