“…1,2 Recycling catalysts can minimize the consumption of auxiliary substances, concluding in economic and environmental benets. 3,4 To signicantly enhance the catalytic activity, a support is added to the reaction system; that is, the intimate contact between the supported ions and the support surface can favorably affect the reaction process. 5 Over the past decade, considerable attention has been given to recycling catalysts and heterogeneous metal-based systems, 6 including homogenous metal complexes or noble metals (e.g., Pt, Pd, Au, Ag, Ru, Cu) on inorganic substances (e.g., metal oxides, silica, clay, alumina, carbon) catalysts.…”