Highly ordered nanoscale phosphomolybdate-grafted polyaniline/metal hybrid layered structures prepared via secondary sputtering phenomenon as high-performance pseudocapacitor electrodes

Abstract

The development of energy storage electrode materials is important for enhancing the electrochemical performance of supercapacitors. Despite extensive research on improving electrochemical performance with polymer-based materials, electrode materials with micro/nanostructures are needed for fast and efficient ion and electron transfer. In this work, highly ordered phosphomolybdate (PMoO)-grafted polyaniline (PMoO-PAI) deposited onto Au hole-cylinder nanopillar arrays is developed for high-performance pseudocapacitors. The three-dimensional nanostructured arrays are easily fabricated by secondary sputtering lithography, which has recently gained attention and features a high resolution of 10 nm, a high aspect ratio greater than 20, excellent uniformity/accuracy/precision, and compatibility with large area substrates. These 10nm scale Au nanostructures with a high aspect ratio of ~30 on Au substrates facilitate efficient ion and electron transfer. The resultant PMoO-PAI electrode exhibits outstanding electrochemical performance, including a high specific capacitance of 114 mF/cm2, a high-rate capability of 88%, and excellent long-term stability.

Three-Dimensional Nanoporous CNT@Mn3O4 Hybrid Anode: High Pseudocapacitive Contribution and Superior Lithium Storage

“…The slope of the log (i) to log (v) curve can be utilized for calculating the b value, which characterizes the charge storage dynamics during the charge-discharge process. A b value of 0.5 indicates a Faraday process controlled by diffusion [9], whereas a b value of 1 signifies that the electrode is governed by capacitance behavior [40,41]. As depicted in Figure 8b, the b value of the cathodic peak at 0.4 V for the CNT @ Mn 3 O 4 electrode was determined to be 0.65, while that of the anodic peak was calculated as 0.8.…”

Influence of ion structure and solvent electric dipole on ultrananoporous supercapacitor: a lattice model study

“…In supercapacitor [1][2][3], charges are stored through formation of electric double layer (EDL) [4][5][6][7][8][9][10] at interface between a liquid electrolyte and a solid porous electrode. The problem of energy storage efficiency is mainly concerned with level of energy storage density E per unit area of single supercapacitor and usable area of portable device.…”