Highly parallel, wash-free, and ultrasensitive centrifugal droplet digital protein detection in sub-microliter blood

Abstract

The ability to efficiently detect low-abundance protein biomarkers in tiny blood is a significant challenge in clinical and laboratory settings. Currently, high-sensitivity approaches require specialized instrumentation, involve multiple washing steps,...

A Versatile Microchannel Array Device for Portable and Parallel Droplet Generation

“…A photomask was first designed using computer‐assisted designs according to our previous work. [ 24 ] The pattern was then transferred onto silicon wafer through photolithography followed by inductively coupled plasma (ICP) etching: 1) photoresist (AZ514) was spin‐coated onto a 6 inch cleaned silicon wafer (600 rpm for 5 s, 4000 rpm for 30 s), prebaked at 95 °C for 90 s; 2) exposure to UV source (Karl SUSS MA6) with the designed photomask for 6.5 s; 3) rinsing with 2.38% TMAH for 45 s, and postbaking at 100 °C for 2 min; and 4) ICP etching parameters: C4F8 190 sccm, SF6 450 sccm, RF Etch power 50 W, RF Pass power 20 W, ICP Etch power 2300 W, ICP Pass power 1650 W, 6 μm min −1 . The obtained μCAs were washed with IPA and then permanently bonded with a glass through anodic bonding.…”

“…These systems include cross‐interface emulsification, [ 17 ] droplet printing, [ 18 ] membrane emulsification, [ 19 ] pipette‐tips/capillary‐based approaches, [ 20,21 ] and centrifugal emulsification. [ 22–24 ] Together, advances in these droplet‐based methods have promoted a revolution in digital analysis of biomolecules. [ 21,23,25–27 ] Nevertheless, the mass manufacturing ability and reliability of these newly developed methods require further investigations.…”

Recent progress in digital immunoassay: how to achieve ultrasensitive, multiplex and clinical accessible detection?

“…9(C)). Tang et al 104 designed the centrifugal droplet generation device to accomplish the detection of sub pg mL −1 targets by digital PLA (Fig. 9(D)).…”