Highly Performing Chromate-Based Ceramic Anodes (Y_0.7Ca_0.3Cr_1–xCu_xO_3−δ) for Low-Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

Abstract

Exploitation of alternative anode materials for low-temperature solid oxide fuel cells (LT-SOFCs, 350–650 °C) is technologically important but remains a major challenge. Here we report a potential ceramic anode Y0.7Ca0.3Cr1–x Cu x O3−δ (x = 0, 0.05, 0.12, and 0.20) (YCC) exhibiting relatively high conductivity at low temperatures (≤650 °C) in both fuel and oxidant gas conditions. Additionally, the newly developed composition (YCC12) is structurally stable in reducing and oxidizing gas conditions, indicating its suitability for SOFC anodes. The I–V characteristics and performance of the ceramic anode infiltrated with Ni-(Ce0.9Gd0.1O2−δ)­(GDC) were determined using GDC/(La0.6Sr0.4CoO3‑δ)­(LSC)-based cathode supported SOFCs. High peak power densities of ∼1.2 W/cm2 (2.2A/cm2), 1 W/cm2 (2.0A/cm2), and 0.6 W/cm2 (1.3 A/cm2) were obtained at 600, 550, and 500 °C, respectively, in H2/3% H2O as fuel and air as oxidant. SOFCs showed excellent stability with a low degradation rate of 0.015 V kh–1 under 0.2 A/cm2. YCC-based ceramic anodes are therefore critical for the advancement of LT-SOFC technology.

Liquids‐to‐Power Using Low‐Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

“…[86] Although this conductivity value is lower than other ceramic anodes compared in Figure 8 (a), chromate based perovskite oxides are typically compatible in hydrocarbon fuels and warrants further investigations. [86] Although this conductivity value is lower than other ceramic anodes compared in Figure 8 (a), chromate based perovskite oxides are typically compatible in hydrocarbon fuels and warrants further investigations.…”

An FeNbO4-based oxide anode for a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC)

“…The samples with moderate TiO2 doping (x=0.11 and 0.18) show superior stability at reducing atmosphere (700 o C, 5% H2). The conductivity of the doped samples (x=0.05, 0.11 and 0.18) is higher than the ptype semiconductor LSCM [13] under the same situation at 700 o C and the advantage is more obvious at lower temperature due to the smaller activation energy [54].…”

“…However, the polarization resistance of the cell is 2.4 cm 2 at 700 o C (Figure S2b), the doping of TiO2 to the cell can improve the electrochemical performance of the cell and this could be related to better electric (ionic and/or electronic) conductivity. This polarization resistance of the LSCF/GDC composite cathode is 0.1 cm 2 at 700 o C (Figure S3) and the polarization resistance of the TFN-36 anode should be 0. , which is larger than Pd and GDC co-infiltrated Sr0.94Ti0.9Nb0.1O3 backbone (0.6 cm 2 at 600 o C) [56] or Pd-GDC infiltrated Y0.7Ca0.3Cr1−xCuxO3−δ anode (0.013 cm 2 ) [54]. The oxidation of H2 on the anode of an SOFC depends on the triple-phase boundary (TPB) length, tortuosity of gas path and the electronic, ionic transport path [57].…”

“…The extension of reaction sites is usually reported to be efficient if ionic oxides and metal catalyst (such as Ni, Pt and Pd) are impregnated sequentially [11,12,26,54], and thus the polarization resistance determined from the cell with Pd impregnation alone indicates that the ionic conductivity of TFN-36 under the fuel condition is inferior to the GDC.…”

Investigation of Nano-ceria Catalyst Infiltration of Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC) Electrodes Using Bio-Inspired Catechol Surfactants

“…By tuning the infiltration step or the concentration of the precursor, particles can either be deposited discretely or in a connected network. Another catalytic material doped ceria (XDC, X=Metal), attracted attention due to its flexibility of use either in the anode or cathode or even the electrolyte material [30,32,37,42,44,45,51,53,58,59,61,63,64,69,72,76,77,80,83,87,91,96,99,100,102,103,105,107,109,113,121,122,130,134,140,147] . For example, gadolinium-doped ceria (GDC) acts as an ionic conductor, and also by switching the valence character of ceria from +4 to +3 repeatedly, nanoparticles can achieve hydrogen storage capability.…”