“…Various methods have been developed to identify Africanized bees, including analyses of isozymes (Contel et al, 1977;Del Lama et al, 1988), mitochondrial DNA polymorphisms (Hall and Muralidharan, 1989;Smith et al, 1989;Sheppard et al, 1991a, b;Segura, 2000), cuticular hydrocarbons (Francis et al, 1985), and nuclear DNA (Hall, 1988;Clarke et al, 2002;Whitfield et al, 2006). However, these biochemical and molecular methods…”