Highly Processed and Ready-to-Eat Packaged Food and Beverage Purchases Differ by Race/Ethnicity among US Households

Poti, Jennifer M.; Mendez, Michelle A.; Ng, Shu Wen

doi:10.3945/jn.116.230441

Cited by 43 publications

(52 citation statements)

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“…Homescan participants also do not record purchases from away-from-home (FAFH) sources (e.g., at restaurants), and we likely underestimated purchases of nutrients that are common in FAFH such as sodium and saturated fat (46). In addition, our sample had different demographic characteristics than those of a nationally representative sample of SNAP participants and nonparticipants (Supplemental Table 1), and our results may not represent all SNAP and non-SNAP households because household food and beverage purchases may be correlated with these demographic variables [e.g., race/ethnicity (62,63)]. Finally, our outcomes were aggregated at the household level, and thus do not necessarily represent any one member of the household, nor do the purchases equate to consumption.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritional profile of Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program household food and beverage purchases ,

Grummon

Taillie

2017

The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition

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Background: The Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP), which is the largest federal nutrition assistance program in the United States, serves nearly 1 of 7 Americans. To date, few studies have examined food and beverage purchase behaviors in SNAP participants with the use of electronic purchase data. Objective: In this cross-sectional study, we examined household store purchases of key food, beverage, and nutrient groups in SNAP participants and nonparticipants. Design: Using a data set of US households' (n = 98,256 householdby-quarter observations) packaged food and beverage purchases and SNAP status [current participant, income-eligible nonparticipant (income #130% of the Federal Poverty Level [FPL]), and higherincome nonparticipants (income .130% of the FPL)] from 3 quarters during 2012-2013, we estimated pooled ordinary least-squares models, clustered at the household level, to examine the association between SNAP status and purchases while controlling for sociodemographic characteristics. We examined purchases of healthand policy-relevant food and beverage groups [e.g., fruit and sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs)] and nutrients (e.g., total calories and sodium). Results: Regardless of SNAP status, households had low mean purchases of fruit, vegetables, and fiber and high mean purchases of junk foods, saturated fat, and sodium. After adjustment for multiple comparisons and demographic characteristics, we found significant differences by SNAP status of purchases of fruit, processed meat, salty snacks, sweeteners and toppings, SSBs, and total calories, fiber, sugar, and sodium. Several of these differences were clinically important. For example, compared with income-eligible and higher-income nonparticipants, SNAP participants purchased an additional w15-20 kcal $ person 21 $ d 21 from SSBs (P , 0.0001) and w174-195 mg total Na $ person 21 $ d 21 (P ,0.0001). Results were robust to corrections for sample-selection bias and to the exclusion of observations with potentially misreported SNAP status. Conclusions: American households, including SNAP households, show room for improvement in the nutritional quality of store purchases. New interventions and policies may be needed to improve food and beverage purchases in both SNAP and non-SNAP households.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritional profile of Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program household food and beverage purchases ,

Grummon

Taillie

2017

The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition

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“…Ultra-processed food purchasing and consumption patterns have been described in several countries [4], with studies in Brazil [17, 32-35], Chile [16, 36], Colombia [37], Indonesia [38], Kenya [39], multiple European countries [9, 40], France [41], Norway [42, 43], Sweden [44], Australia [45, 46], New Zealand [47], USA [19, 20, 48, 49], Canada [18, 50, 51], and the UK [15, 40, 52]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultra-processed Food Intake and Obesity: What Really Matters for Health—Processing or Nutrient Content?

2017

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Purpose of Review The aim of this narrative review was to summarize and critique recent evidence evaluating the association between ultra-processed food intake and obesity. Recent Findings Four of five studies found that higher purchases or consumption of ultra-processed food was associated with overweight/obesity. Additional studies reported relationships between ultra-processed food intake and higher fasting glucose, metabolic syndrome, increases in total and LDL cholesterol, and risk of hypertension. It remains unclear whether associations can be attributed to processing itself or the nutrient content of ultra-processed foods. Only three of nine studies used a prospective design, and the potential for residual confounding was high. Summary Recent research provides fairly consistent support for the association of ultra-processed food intake with obesity and related cardiometabolic outcomes. There is a clear need for further studies, particularly those using longitudinal designs and with sufficient control for confounding, to potentially confirm these findings in different populations and to determine whether ultra-processed food consumption is associated with obesity independent of nutrient content.

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“…A substantial body of literature indicates that diet plays a critical role and that among racial/ethnic minority groups, less ‘healthier’ foods (e.g. sugar‐sweetened beverages, high‐calorie foods) . In addition, some literature suggests that less ‘healthy’ food options are made available to low‐income areas, typically composed of high minority populations, thus reinforcing the consumption of ‘unhealthy diets’ .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fitness adjusted racial disparities in central adiposity among women in the USA using quantile regression

McDonald

Ortaglia

Supino

et al. 2017

Obesity Science & Practice

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SummaryObjectiveThis study comprehensively explores racial/ethnic disparities in waist circumference (WC) after adjusting for cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), among both adult and adolescent women, across WC percentiles.MethodsAnalysis was conducted using data from the 1999 to 2004 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Female participants (n = 3,977) aged 12–49 years with complete data on CRF, height, weight and WC were included. Quantile regression models, stratified by age groups (12–15, 16–19 and 20–49 years), were used to assess the association between WC and race/ethnicity adjusting for CRF, height and age across WC percentiles (10th, 25th, 50th, 75th, 90th and 95th).ResultsFor non‐Hispanic (NH) Black, in both the 16–19 and 20–49 years age groups, estimated WC was significantly greater than for NH White across percentiles above the median with estimates ranging from 5.2 to 11.5 cm. For Mexican Americans, in all age groups, estimated WC tended to be significantly greater than for NH White particularly for middle percentiles (50th and 75th) with point estimates ranging from 1.9 to 8.4 cm.ConclusionsSignificant disparities in WC between NH Black and Mexican women, as compared to NH White, remain even after adjustment for CRF. The magnitude of the disparities associated with race/ethnicity differs across WC percentiles and age groups.

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Highly Processed and Ready-to-Eat Packaged Food and Beverage Purchases Differ by Race/Ethnicity among US Households

Abstract: Background: Racial/ethnic disparities in dietary quality persist among Americans, but it is unclear whether highly

Cited by 43 publications

References 45 publications

Nutritional profile of Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program household food and beverage purchases ,

Nutritional profile of Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program household food and beverage purchases ,

Ultra-processed Food Intake and Obesity: What Really Matters for Health—Processing or Nutrient Content?

Fitness adjusted racial disparities in central adiposity among women in the USA using quantile regression

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