Highly Reactive Metastable Intermixed Composites (MICs): Preparation and Characterization

Abstract

Highly reactive metastable intermixed composites (MICs) have attracted much attention in the past decades. The MIC family of materials mainly includes traditional metal-based nanothermites, novel core-shell-structured, 3D ordered macroporous-structured, and ternary nanocomposites. By applying special fabrication approaches, highly reactive MICs with uniformly dispersed reactants, "layer-by-layer" or "core-shell" structures, can be prepared. Thus, the combustion performance can be greatly improved, and the ignition characteristics and safety can be precisely controlled by using a certain preparation strategy. Here, the preparation and characterization of the MICs that have been developed during the past few decades are summarized. Traditional preparation methods for MICs generally include physical mixing, high-energy ball milling, sol-gel synthesis, and vapor deposition, while the novel methods include self-assembly, electrophoretic deposition, and electrospinning. Various preparation procedures and the ignition and combustion performance of different MIC reactive systems are compared and discussed. In particular, the advantages of novel structured MICs in terms of safety and combustion efficiency are clarified, based on which suggestions regarding the possible future research directions are proposed.

Influence of ceramic particles as additive on the mechanical response and reactive properties of Al/PTFE reactive composites

“…[1][2][3] These materials can consist of multi-functional structural materials including thermites, metal-uoride polymer, metal-hydride mixtures and matrix materials. [4][5][6] They are usually prepared via a molding sintering method and have the characteristics of higher energy density, faster energy release rate and increased safety compared to traditional explosives such as trinitrotoluene (TNT) and cyclotrimethylenetrinitramine (RDX). 7 It is well known that uorine has the highest electronegativity of all the elements.…”

Superhydrophobic Fluorine‐Containing Protective Coating to Endow Al Nanoparticles with Long‐Term Storage Stability and Self‐Activation Reaction Capability

“…Introducing high‐reactivity aluminum nanoparticles (ANPs) into energetic systems endows them with fast reaction rate, enhanced energy density, high combustion temperature as well as reduced mechanical sensitivity, thus attracting extensive research interests . Previous researches show that major breakthroughs have been made in pyrotechnics, explosives, and propellants after addition of ANPs .…”

Enhanced Thermal Decomposition Properties and Catalytic Mechanism of Ammonium Perchlorate over CuO/MoS2 Composite

“…For comparison, AP‐nAl and AP‐nAl‐CuO composites were also measured. The mass ratio of AP: nAl: catalyst was 15:5:1 . As shown in Figure , all the above three composites burned fast and displayed larger and brighter flames in air than in N 2 atmosphere because air environment could provide more O 2 for AP‐nAl, AP‐nAl‐CuO and AP‐nAl‐CuO/MoS 2 composites sufficient combustion.…”

“…AP‐nAl and AP‐nAl‐catalyst composites were prepared by physically mixing method with the mass ratio of AP: nAl: catalyst of 15:5:1 . nAl with active content of ~80 w.t.% was purchased form Guangzhou Jiechuang Technology co., Ltd. A high‐speed camera (DANTEC, Germany, Kässbohrerstr) was applied to survey the ignition burning performance of the samples at a sampling rate of 1500 fps (not burning rate).…”