Highly reflective low-noise etalon-based meta-mirror

Dickmann, Johannes; Kroker, Stefanie

doi:10.1103/physrevd.98.082003

Cited by 18 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…16,17 This enhanced surface absorption might be an important issue for silicon substrates as well as for structured high-reflectivity surfaces in which the surface area is even larger than in planar substrates. [18][19][20][21] The physical reasons for this enhancement are still being discussed. 17 Due to this apparently important role of the surface, it is necessary to pay attention to signal contributions in the PDS setup that predominantly appear close to the surface.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Key signal contributions in photothermal deflection spectroscopy

Dickmann

Bruns

et al. 2019

Journal of Applied Physics

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We report on key signal contributions in photothermal deflection spectroscopy (PDS) of semiconductors at photon energies below the bandgap energy and show how to extract the actual absorption properties from the measurement data. To this end, we establish a rigorous computation scheme for the deflection signal including semi-analytic raytracing to analyze the underlying physical effects. The computation takes into account linear and nonlinear absorption processes affecting the refractive index and thus leading to a deflection of the probe beam. We find that beside the linear mirage effect, nonlinear absorption mechanisms make a substantial contribution to the signal for strongly focussed pump beams and sample materials with high two-photon absorption coefficients. For example, the measured quadratic absorption contribution exceeds 5% at a pump beam intensity of about 1.3 × 10 5 W cm 2 ⁄ in Si and at 5 × 10 4 W cm 2 ⁄ in GaAs. In addition, our method also includes thermal expansion effects as well as spatial gradients of the attenuation properties. We demonstrate that these effects result in an additional deflection contribution which substantially depends on the distance of the photodetector from the readout point. This distance dependent contribution enhances the surface related PDS signal up to two orders of magnitude and may be misinterpreted as surface absorption if not corrected in the analysis of the measurement data. We verify these findings by PDS measurements on crystalline silicon at a wavelength of 1550 nm and provide guidelines how to extract the actual attenuation coefficient from the PDS signal.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Key signal contributions in photothermal deflection spectroscopy

Dickmann

Bruns

et al. 2019

Journal of Applied Physics

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“…Until now, meta-mirrors could not be used for cavities, because the achieved reflectivity of 99.8% (finesse 1, 500) [34] is not sufficient to stabilize a cavity. To overcome this limitation, the concept of a two mirror system, the so- called meta-etalon was developed [35], see fig. 2 (c).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…2 (c). The meta-etalon combines the advantages of both mirror technologies: The high reflectivity of Bragg mirrors and the low thermal noise of meta-mirrors [35]. In this work, we present the first experimental realization of a meta-etalon and its application in a high finesse laser cavity.…”

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confidence: 99%

Experimental realization of a 12,000-finesse laser cavity based on a low-noise microstructured mirror

et al. 2023

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The most precise measurement tools of humankind are equipped with ultra-stable lasers. State-of-the-art laser stabilization techniques are based on external cavities, that are limited by noise originated in the coatings of the cavity mirrors. Microstructured mirror coatings (so-called meta-mirrors) are a promising technology to overcome the limitations of coating noise and therewith pave the way towards next-generation ultra-stable lasers. We present experimental realization of a 12,000-finesse optical cavity based on one low-noise meta-mirror. The use of the mirrors studied here in cryogenic silicon cavities represents an order of magnitude reduction in the current limiting mirror noise, such that the stability limit due to fundamental noise can be reduced to 5 × 10−18.

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“…Thus, transportable systems are operated around room temperature to have the system ready for operation in reasonable time after transport. New mirror materials with advantageous material properties like crystalline Al 0.92 Ga 0.08 As/GaAs mirror coatings [17] or meta-mirrors [18] are promising candidates to reduce the thermal noise floor.…”

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A transportable clock laser system with an instability of $1.6 \times 10^{-16}$

Herbers¹,

Häfner²,

Dörscher³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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We present a transportable ultra-stable clock laser system based on a Fabry-Pérot cavity with crystalline Al 0.92 Ga 0.08 As/GaAs mirror coatings, fused silica (FS) mirror substrates and a 20 cm-long ultra-low expansion (ULE ® ) glass spacer with a predicted thermal noise floor of mod σ y = 7 × 10 −17 in modified Allan deviation at one second averaging time. The cavity has a cylindrical shape and is mounted at ten points. Its measured sensitivity of the fractional frequency to acceleration for the three Cartesian directions are 2(1) × 10 −12 /(ms −2 ), 3(3) × 10 −12 /(ms −2 ) and 3(1) × 10 −12 /(ms −2 ), which belong to the lowest acceleration sensitivities published for transportable systems. The laser system's instability reaches down to mod σ y = 1.6 × 10 −16 Keywords Ultra-stalbe resonators • Clock laser system Among other applications, ultra-stable lasers as local oscillators largely determine the performance of optical clocks.

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Highly reflective low-noise etalon-based meta-mirror

Cited by 18 publications

References 39 publications

Key signal contributions in photothermal deflection spectroscopy

Key signal contributions in photothermal deflection spectroscopy

Experimental realization of a 12,000-finesse laser cavity based on a low-noise microstructured mirror

A transportable clock laser system with an instability of $1.6 \times 10^{-16}$

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