Highly robust hybrid image watermarking approach using Tchebichef transform with secured PCA and CAT encryption

Noor, Rabeah; Khan, Arshad; Sarfaraz, Aaliya; Mehmood, Zahid; Cheema, Adnan Mustafa

doi:10.1007/s00500-019-03838-2

Cited by 21 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…1) Instead of manually selecting the scaling factors as in [11], [13], [34], [38], the proposed watermark scheme apply particle swarm optimization (PSO) to automatically find the best value of the scaling factors based on the target PSNR and predefined conditions to obtain the highest possible robustness without losing transparency. 2) To remove the false-positive problem (FPP)-based security risk, the proposed watermark scheme uses an improved false positive free color watermarking scheme-based security method, which combines the Arnold transform to provide legal ownership and copyright protection for legitimate users.…”

Section: A Major Contributions Of the Proposed Watermark Schemementioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Optimized Semi-Blind Scheme for Color Image Watermarking

2020

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Image watermarking is a robust solution for solving key issues like copyright protection and proof of ownership of digital data. Existing schemes of image watermarking mostly used grayscale or binary images as embedded watermarks, while only a few watermarking schemes are developed for color images. In this paper, we propose a novel robust semi-blind image watermarking scheme based on finite ridgelet transform (FRT), discrete wavelet transform (DWT), singular value decomposition (SVD), particle swarm optimization (PSO), and Arnold transform to protect copyright and verify the authenticity of color images. Firstly, the color image is converted from RGB to YCbCr color space, and the luminance component (Y) is taken into account to insert the watermark data. In this study, the principal component (PC) of the watermark image is directly inserted into the corresponding singular value of the cover image by the scaling factor to avoid the false positive problem (FPP). To further improve security, Arnold transform is applied to process the Y channel of the watermark image before inserting it in the cover image. Besides, PSO optimizes the embedding factor matrices. The qualitative evaluation factors like peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) and structural similarity (SSIM) are used to assess the visual quality, while normalized correlation coefficient (NCC) is used to assess the resemblance between the watermarked and the restored watermarked images. The performance of the proposed scheme is evaluated using geometric, non-geometric, and combinational attacks, and its comparison is performed with different image watermarking schemes to prove its robustness.

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Section: A Major Contributions Of the Proposed Watermark Schemementioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Optimized Semi-Blind Scheme for Color Image Watermarking

2020

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“…One of the prevailing watermarking techniques is frequency-domain watermarking, which encompasses various forms such as Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) [3][4][5][6], Fast/ Discrete Fourier Transform (FFT and DFT) [7,8], Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) [9,10], Principle Component Analysis (PCA) [11][12][13], and Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) [9,[14][15][16][17]. Typically, these methods transform host images into the frequency domain, where the watermark is discreetly embedded.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Robust Algorithm for Digital Image Copyright Protection and Tampering Detection: Employing DWT, DCT, and Blowfish Techniques

Salama,

Shoitan,

Abdallah

et al. 2023

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With the rapid proliferation of digital images on the internet, the task of preserving image ownership and ensuring the detection of unauthorized alterations has become increasingly challenging. This study introduces a robust algorithm, leveraging Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT), Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT), and Blowfish encryption techniques, designed to maintain copyright integrity and detect image tampering. The proposed algorithm operates on a given RGB host image, first isolating it into its constituent red, green, and blue components. For the purpose of copyright protection, the algorithm applies DWT and DCT to the green component, embedding a watermark logo within it. The blue component is subjected to Blowfish encryption, generating a ciphered blue component that aids in tampering detection. Subsequently, the least significant bits of this ciphered blue component are interchanged with those of the host image's red component, producing a novel red component. This process results in the creation of a watermarked green component, an original blue component, and a newly formed red component. These are then amalgamated to produce the final watermarked image. The proposed method is evaluated using five standard images, with simulation results demonstrating its resilience to various attacks. Importantly, the algorithm exhibits a capacity to detect any unauthorized modifications up to a granularity of 2×2 pixels.

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“…An innovative scheme with Tchebichef transform is introduced for image watermarking and compared with robust PCA and SVD schemes in terms of imperceptibility and robustness [21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Discrete Wavelet Transform Based Non-blind Video Authentication Using Principal Component Analysis

Sujatha¹,

Abhishek

Koya³

2021

Smart Innovation, Systems and Technologies

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This article introduces a non-blind video watermarking scheme embedded with QR code using Principal Component Analysis on Wavelet Transform Coefficients. The proposed method segregates the color video into individual frames. Each frame in video sequence is converted into YUV color space. Luminance component of each frame is decomposed using Discrete Wavelet Transform. Block based Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is applied to selective band of coefficients to get high invisibility. The binary image is chosen to be inserted in principal components of selected coefficients. In this proposal, embedding takes place in mid-frequency coefficients of DWT with least degradation of the perceptual quality of video. Hidden watermark is detected from the marked video by following the inverse processing steps. Strength of the algorithm is tested against various attacks like median filtering, Gaussian noise, salt and pepper noise and rotation, etc. Experimental results exhibit the imperceptibility of video and robustness of watermark image from the proposed scheme.

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Highly robust hybrid image watermarking approach using Tchebichef transform with secured PCA and CAT encryption

Cited by 21 publications

References 20 publications

A Novel Optimized Semi-Blind Scheme for Color Image Watermarking

A Novel Optimized Semi-Blind Scheme for Color Image Watermarking

A Robust Algorithm for Digital Image Copyright Protection and Tampering Detection: Employing DWT, DCT, and Blowfish Techniques

Discrete Wavelet Transform Based Non-blind Video Authentication Using Principal Component Analysis

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