The combination of gold nanoclusters (AuNCs) with surface
plasmonic
metal nanomaterials is an effective and direct method to improve the
photoluminescence efficiency of AuNCs. However, the plasmon-enhanced
AuNC luminescence strategies usually utilize silica as the separation
layer, which requires further functionalization because the silica
layer has no functional groups for in situ bonding of AuNCs. Therefore,
it appears as a crucial need to develop an appropriate separation
layer for the preparation of plasmon-enhanced AuNC luminescent nanomaterials.
In this work, employing bovine serum albumin (BSA) as a novel separation
layer, we prepared gold nanoparticles (AuNPs)@BSA@Au35NCs
by a controllable and in situ synthesis method. BSA can form a BSA
layer on the surface of AuNPs through Au–S bonds. Meanwhile,
BSA can reduce AuCl4
– ions to generate
Au35NCs. In comparison with pure BSA-AuNCs, the quantum
yield of the AuNPs@BSA@Au35NCs was increased by nearly
7 times as a result of plasmonic coupling, and the time of in situ
synthesis of Au35NCs was shortened by 8 h. More importantly,
the preparation of the BSA layer was simple and time-saving without
functionalization, in contrast to the previously reported silica layer.
Moreover, the simulation calculation of different dimensions determined
the optimal binding sites between Au35NCs and BSA, confirming
that BSA can be an effective spatial spacer. Finally, it was found
that the BSA layer between AuNPs and AuNCs can improve the specificity
of AuNCs toward H2S, which is extremely difficult for pure
BSA@AuNCs.