Highly Selective Capture of the Greenhouse Gas CO₂ in Polymers

Abstract

Owing to their high physicochemical stability and low skeleton density, polymers are highly promising for capturing the greenhouse gas CO 2 . However, complicated monomers, expensive catalysts, and/or severe conditions are usually required for their synthesis, which makes the process costly, tedious, and hard to scale up. In this paper, a facile nucleophilic substitution reaction is developed to synthesize polymers from low-cost monomers, namely chloromethylbenzene and various diamines. Due to the appropriate reactivity of monomers, the polymerization takes place at a low temperature of about 60 °C in the absence of any catalysts. A series of polymers containing plentiful secondary amines are successfully fabricated; these secondary amines provide a proper adsorbate−adsorbent interaction from the viewpoints of selective capture of CO 2 and energy-efficient regeneration of adsorbents. Moreover, the materials possess well-defined micropores with the dimension close to the size of adsorbate molecules and subsequently, exhibit the molecule sieving effect. As a result, these materials are active in selective adsorption of CO 2 and show high CO 2 /N 2 and CO 2 /CH 4 selectivities. More importantly, the adsorbents can be completely regenerated under mild conditions, and no loss in activity is detected after eight cycles.

Carbon dioxide capture in amorphous porous organic polymers

“…Nitrogen, oxygen, sulphur and phosphorus atoms are always incorporated into POPs to increase selectivity and capture capacity of CO 2 . 33,58,[60][61][62][63][64][65][66][67][68][69][70] This part will be detailed discussed in the following. By replacing the phenyl group with different functional pyridyl or thiophenyl groups is the most commonly used method to incorporating heteroatomic into skeleton of POPs.…”

Microporous Organic Polymers Based on Hyper‐Crosslinked Coal Tar: Preparation and Application for Gas Adsorption

“…Both chemical and physical adsorption techniques have been employed in practical applications . For example, the traditional method for fixing CO 2 is to bubble the mixed gases through aqueous alkanolamine . Although chemical adsorption shows good performance with regard to capacity and selectivity, its poor portability as well as high regeneration and maintenance costs limit its application.…”

“…[4,5] For example, the traditional methodf or fixing CO 2 is to bubble the mixed gases through aqueous alkanolamine. [6] Although chemicala dsorption shows good performance with regard to capacitya nd selectivity,i ts poor portability as well as high regeneration and maintenance costs limit its application.A mong physicala dsorption materials, microporous organic polymers (MOPs) possesst he flexibility for material design to obtain inherentl ightweight, desirable structures,p roperties, and functions, in comparison with their inorganic counterparts [zeolites [7,8] and metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) [9,10] ]. For the past decades, the design andp reparation of MOPs with new buildingb locks has attracted significant attention in both aca-demic and industrial research to circumvent the problems of high cost and low stability usually found in MOPs, including covalent organic frameworks (COFs), [11,12] polymers of intrinsic microporosity (PIMs), [13,14] and conjugated microporous polymers (CMPs).…”

Experimental and Neural Network Modeling of Partial Uptake for a Carbon Dioxide/Methane/Water Ternary Mixture on 13X Zeolite

“…Most of the studies on the separationo fC O 2 concerned new adsorbents such as metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), [29][30][31][32][33][34] N-doped porous carbons (NPCs), [35] microporous coordination polymers (MCPs), [36] covalento rganic polymers (COPs), [37][38][39] and porous organic polymers (POPs) [40][41][42] compared to commercial adsorbents (i.e., molecular sieves,a ctivated carbons,a nd silica gel) [43][44][45][46] and relied on theoretical selectivity analysis.E ven with the wide range of utilization in this field, there is still al ack of information on the characteristic behavior of CO 2 adsorption in multicomponent mixtures.T here are no detailed studies for comparison between these types of commercial adsorbents, which are still pioneering materials for CO 2 removal, [47][48][49] related to their partialc omponent uptake performances for awide range of mixturec ombinations and conditions. Molecular sieve zeolite (MSZ) adsorbents are one of the most popular solid adsorbents utilizedn ormally for the separation and purification of multicomponent mixtures.T hese adsorbents have low Si/Al ratios (e.g.,1 3X and 5A zeolite), which results in higher uptake amounts of CO 2 at low pressures ( % 2.5 mmol g À1 at 298 Ka nd 0.1 bar).…”