Highly Selective Extraction and Separation of Rare Earths(III) Using Bifunctional Ionic Liquid Extractant

Guo, Lin; Chen, Ji; Shen, Lu; Zhang, Jianping; Zhang, Dongli; Deng, Yuefeng

doi:10.1021/sc400541b

Cited by 91 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 38 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Ionic liquids [33,34] have also been investigated for REE separation. After which, the REEs are then often recovered as chlorides, fluorides, or hydroxides.…”

Section: Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the Extraction of Rare Earth Elements from Geothermal Brines

2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The availability of rare earth elements from primary resources has come into question in the last two decades. This has sparked various government and industry initiatives to examine potential rare earth element resources apart from virgin ore bodies. Geothermal fluids are potentially significant sources of valuable minerals and metals, while co-recovery with geothermal energy production would be an attractive sustainable system. In this work, we give a brief survey of data collected on rare earth element concentrations in geothermal fluids. A survey of methods and technologies for extracting rare earth elements from geothermal is discussed along with the feasibility of recovering rare earth elements from geothermal brines. Based on the findings of this study, rare earth element extraction from geothermal fluids is technically possible, but neither economically viable nor strategically significant at this time.

show abstract

“…Ionic liquids [33,34] have also been investigated for REE separation. After which, the REEs are then often recovered as chlorides, fluorides, or hydroxides.…”

Section: Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the Extraction of Rare Earth Elements from Geothermal Brines

2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Nowadays, saponification by ammonia is gradually being replaced by sodium, which has also created unignorable salinity problems. [11]. Another significant deficiency in P507 is that it is difficult to strip heavy REs completely, especially for Tm(III), Yb(III), and Lu (III), even at higher acidity.…”

Section: Overview Of the Defects Of Organic Extractantmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ionic Liquids in the Context of Rare Earth Separation and Utilization

Chen

Gao

2016

Green Chemistry and Sustainable Technology

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

With the rapid development of science and technology, rare earths (REs) are playing a vital role in economic and social development due to their unique electronic structure and physicochemical properties. REs are widely used in lighting, electrical, and magnetic field as a crucially strategic resource. Being the upstream of the RE industry supply chain, RE separation is crucial throughout the whole industry. The primary issues about RE separation are reviewed in this chapter. Conventional organic solvent extractants expose some inherent questions in the long-term application, while ionic liquids as "green solvents" show great potential in the separation processes. This chapter also overviewed RE resources in the world and the issues associated with these separation processes. A brief introduction to ionic liquid-based RE functional materials has been also made. Rare EarthsThe rare earths (REs) are a group of chemically similar elements in the entire periodic table, consisting of scandium (Sc), yttrium (Y), and the lanthanides. The lanthanides are the series of elements with atomic numbers from 57 to 71, including lanthanum (La), cerium (Ce), praseodymium (Pr), neodymium (Nd), samarium (Sm), europium (Eu), gadolinium (Gd), terbium (Tb), dysprosium (Dy), holmium (Ho), erbium (Er), thulium (Tm), ytterbium (Yb), and lutetium (Lu).Based on the electronic structure and physicochemical properties, REs can be classified as light REs and heavy REs. Light REs are also called "cerium subgroup," including La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, and Gd. Heavy REs are also called "yttrium

show abstract

“…Although saponification can enhance the extraction capacities of acidic extractants, the resulting loss of ammonium ion into the aqueous phase causes ammonia pollution (Equation (5.9)): Reprinted with the permission from Ref. [4] Copyright © 2014, American Chemical Society…”

Section: [A336][oh] ([Trialkylmethylammonium][hydroxide])mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: [A336][oh] ([Trialkylmethylammonium][hydroxide])mentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Ionic Liquid Extractants on Rare Earth Green Separation

Yang

Chen

Cui

et al. 2016

Green Chemistry and Sustainable Technology

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A green solvent extraction process for the separation of rare earth elements (REEs) in different media (such as hydrochloric acid media, nitric acid media, and sulfuric media) was developed using bifunctional ionic liquid extractants (Bif-ILEs) especially containing quaternary ammonium and phosphonium-based ILs. The characteristics of the Bif-ILEs are simple synthesis, high extraction ability and selectivity, low extraction acid and base consumption, and easy stripping. Bif-ILEs could be synthesized by acid/base neutralization, and this reaction process was under mild condition with easier purification. The extraction thermodynamics showed that the separation factor (β) values for REEs were changed with the different Bif-ILEs or reaction media. The inner synergistic effect between cations and anions in Bif-ILEs has greatly facilitated the β values of REEs and also avoided the production of ammonia nitrogen caused by the acidity extractant saponification. The kinetic experimental data on the separation of REEs by Bif-ILEs, with a constant interfacial area cell with laminar flow, showed that there exist real possibilities for increasing the efficiency of the separation by the use of kinetic factors. The kinetics model could be deduced from the ratecontrolling step. Serving as extractants, additives, and templating materials, ILs were used in the preparation of separation materials, including silica-supported ionic liquids (S-SILs), membrane-supported ionic liquids (M-SILs), and polymersupported ionic liquids (P-SILs). ILs were usually attached or doped into the solid support and offered high extraction efficiency and excellent stability for REEs separation. Using such separation materials may indeed enable us to substantially

show abstract

Highly Selective Extraction and Separation of Rare Earths(III) Using Bifunctional Ionic Liquid Extractant

Cited by 91 publications

References 38 publications

On the Extraction of Rare Earth Elements from Geothermal Brines

On the Extraction of Rare Earth Elements from Geothermal Brines

Ionic Liquids in the Context of Rare Earth Separation and Utilization

Application of Ionic Liquid Extractants on Rare Earth Green Separation

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About