Highly selective H2S gas sensor based on Cu-doped ZnO nanocrystalline films deposited by RF magnetron sputtering of powder target

Girija, K.G.; Somasundaram, K.; Topkar, A.; Vatsa, R.K.

doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2016.05.125

Cited by 86 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…The low operation temperature is an indication of the low power consumed by the heater for the sensor to operate. Metal-oxide based sensors are known for their high operating temperature above 200 °C 28,35,36 . Therefore, reducing the operating temperature in this work from 200 °C to 40 °C was found to reduce the power consumed by the heater by around 96%.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cellulose-Copper Oxide hybrid nanocomposites membranes for H2S gas detection at low temperatures

Hittini

Abu-Hani

Reddy

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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We report on novel, sensitive, selective and low-temperature hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S) gas sensors based on metal-oxide nanoparticles incorporated within polymeric matrix composites. the copper-Oxide (CuO) nanoparticles were prepared by a colloid microwave-assisted hydrothermal method that enables precise control of nanoparticle size. The sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) powder with 5% glycerol ionic liquid (IL) was prepared and mixed with different concentrations of CuO NPs (2.5-7.5 wt.%) to produce flexible and semi-conductive polymeric matrix membranes. Each membrane was then sandwiched between a pair of electrodes to produce an H 2 S gas sensor. the temperature-dependent gas sensing characteristics of the prepared sensors were investigated over the temperature ranges from 40 °C to 80 °C. The sensors exhibited high sensitivity and reasonably fast responses to H 2 S gas at low working temperatures and at a low gas concentration of 15 ppm. Moreover, the sensors were highly selective to H 2 S gas, and they showed low humidity dependence, which indicates reliable functioning in humid atmospheres. This organic-inorganic hybrid-materials gas sensor is flexible, with good sensitivity and low power consumption has the potential to be used in harsh environments.Hydrogen sulfide gas (H 2 S) is a major air pollutant that is produced in a large quantity from industrial fields such as petroleum and gas drilling and refining, sewage treatment, coke ovens, kraft paper mills, and landfills 1,2 . H 2 S gas is toxic gas with a malodor of rotten eggs. It can damage human respiratory and nerve systems, causing the public to lose consciousness with a possibility to die at minimal concentrations as low as a few hundreds of ppm 3-5 . Therefore, improving H 2 S sensors in terms of sensitivity, selectivity, response time, power consumption, and the cost is needed for environmental and safety concerns.Different materials and methods have been reported in the literature for H 2 S gas detection, including electrochemical (solid electrolyte) sensors 5 , optical sensors 6,7 , piezoelectric sensors 8,9 , and oxide-semiconductor sensors 10,11 . However, most of these sensors developed using such methods suffer from high fabrication cost, high power consumption, poor stability, and malfunction in harsh environment 12,13 . Therefore, these sensors have been under continuous development to meet the growing demand of high-performance sensors. Metal-oxide semiconducting nanoparticles based sensors are the most promising materials for the H 2 S gas detection; they are cost-effective, easy to operate and fast in response with high sensitivity to the target gas 14,15 . Therefore, the development of new sensors that include polymer membranes and metal-oxide nanoparticles (organic-inorganic sensors) is expected to enhance the functionalities of such sensors; as they are flexible, easy to fabricate, and can be operated at low temperature with a low electrical power requirement [14][15][16] . Metal-oxide based sensors are flexible, easy to fabricate,...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cellulose-Copper Oxide hybrid nanocomposites membranes for H2S gas detection at low temperatures

Hittini

Abu-Hani

Reddy

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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“…8c ). The O 1 s signal of synthetic ZnS could be deconvolved into two Gaussian fitted peaks with the binding energies of 531.4 eV and 529.9 eV, which were ascribed to the surface-adsorbed oxygen species such as O − and the surface lattice oxygen (O 2− ) in a zinc/iron-oxide framework 49 50 51 52 53 . For synthetic Zn 1− x Fe x S, the O 1 s signal was resolved into three peaks at 532.1 eV, 531.1 eV, and 530.0 eV.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanism study on the sulfidation of ZnO with sulfur and iron oxide at high temperature

Han

Liu

Zhang

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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The mechanism of ZnO sulfidation with sulfur and iron oxide at high temperatures was studied. The thermodynamic analysis, sulfidation behavior of zinc, phase transformations, morphology changes, and surface properties were investigated by HSC 5.0 combined with FactSage 7.0, ICP, XRD, optical microscopy coupled with SEM-EDS, and XPS. The results indicate that increasing temperature and adding iron oxide can not only improve the sulfidation of ZnO but also promote the formation and growth of ZnS crystals. Fe2O3 captured the sulfur in the initial sulfidation process as iron sulfides, which then acted as the sulfurizing agent in the late period, thus reducing sulfur escape at high temperatures. The addition of carbon can not only enhance the sulfidation but increase sulfur utilization rate and eliminate the generation of SO2. The surfaces of marmatite and synthetic zinc sulfides contain high oxygen due to oxidation and oxygen adsorption. Hydroxyl easily absorbs on the surface of iron-bearing zinc sulfide (Zn1−xFexS). The oxidation of synthetic Zn1−xFexS is easier than marmatite in air.

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“…For example, triangle array or cross-linked network can be formed depending on the plasma etching time of PS spheres through the same processes: (i) self-assemble PS spheres, (ii) plasma etching of PS spheres, (iii) deposit MOS thin film, and (iv) remove PS spheres. Apart from creating more active adsorption sites, forming heterostructure to improve the sensing performance of MOS-based gas sensors has been intensively studied, which is a low cost, environmentalfriendly, and easy-to-implement method [25,[43][44][45][46][47][48]. The sputtering target can be designed by mixing two or more MOS elements, such as SnO 2 /NiO, SnO 2 /ZnO, SnO 2 / WO 3 , etc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensitive Cross-Linked SnO2:NiO Networks for MEMS Compatible Ethanol Gas Sensors

et al. 2020

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Nowadays, it is still technologically challenging to prepare highly sensitive sensing films using microelectrical mechanical system (MEMS) compatible methods for miniaturized sensors with low power consumption and high yield. Here, sensitive cross-linked SnO 2 :NiO networks were successfully fabricated by sputtering SnO 2 :NiO target onto the etched self-assembled triangle polystyrene (PS) microsphere arrays and then ultrasonically removing the PS microsphere templates in acetone. The optimum line width (~600 nm) and film thickness (~50 nm) of SnO 2 :NiO networks were obtained by varying the plasma etching time and the sputtering time. Then, thermal annealing at 500°C in H 2 was implemented to activate and reorganize the as-deposited amorphous SnO 2 :NiO thin films. Compared with continuous SnO 2 :NiO thin film counterparts, these cross-linked films show the highest response of 9 to 50 ppm ethanol, low detection limits (< 5 ppm) at 300°C, and also high selectivity against NO 2 , SO 2 , NH 3 , C 7 H 8 , and acetone. The gas-sensing enhancement could be mainly attributed to the creating of more active adsorption sites by increased stepped surface in cross-linked SnO 2 :NiO network. Furthermore, this method is MEMS compatible and of generality to effectively fabricate other cross-linked sensing films, showing the promising potency in the production of low energy consumption and wafer-scale MEMS gas sensors.

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Highly selective H2S gas sensor based on Cu-doped ZnO nanocrystalline films deposited by RF magnetron sputtering of powder target

Cited by 86 publications

References 31 publications

Cellulose-Copper Oxide hybrid nanocomposites membranes for H2S gas detection at low temperatures

Cellulose-Copper Oxide hybrid nanocomposites membranes for H2S gas detection at low temperatures

Mechanism study on the sulfidation of ZnO with sulfur and iron oxide at high temperature

Sensitive Cross-Linked SnO2:NiO Networks for MEMS Compatible Ethanol Gas Sensors

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