Highly sensitive and fast detection of propane–butane using a 3 μm quantum cascade laser

Jágerská, Jana; Tuzson, B.; Looser, Herbert; Bismuto, A.; Faist, Jérôme; Prinz, Heino; Emmenegger, Lukas

doi:10.1364/ao.52.004613

Cited by 13 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…The instrument allows detecting with high speed (< 10 ms) and sensitivity (1 ppm) propane, butane, and other carbohydrates that are used as propellants in aerosol cans. Its performance is evaluated with an industrial demonstrator for aerosol cans leak testing, confirming that, in compliance with international directives, it can detect leaks of 1.2 × 10 í slpm at an unprecedented rate of 750 cans per minute [7].…”

Section: Environmental and Industrial Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 81%

MIR Spectroscopy beyond trace levels - environmental and industrial applications

et al. 2015

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Section: Environmental and Industrial Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 81%

MIR Spectroscopy beyond trace levels - environmental and industrial applications

et al. 2015

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“…With gas inflow when the lighter flame is ignited, T 4.7 µm is constant at approximately 1, whereas is T 4.2 µm slightly decreased (Figure 3(b)). The 4.2 μm mid-IR LED light source with a wide bandwidth also emits 3.4 μm light [11], which was absorbed by the butane gas [12]. The measured transmittances of the smoke detector tester spray which consists of isobutane, propane, siloxane, and butane gases are exhibited in Figure 3(c).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Method for Aerosol Particle and Gas Analyses based on Dual-channel Mid-infrared Sensor

2022

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Although researchers are actively investigating methods to improve fire detector performance, few studies have investigated fire detectors that detect the type of fire. Fire type detection serves a key role in quickly extinguishing fires and preventing their spread. We present a non-dispersive infrared (NDIR)-based dual-channel mid-infrared (mid-IR) method that can detect and classify aerosol particles and gases. 4.2 μm and 4.7 μm mid-IR light emitting diodes (LEDs) light sources with strong absorption for CO2 and CO are employed. and, and the mid-IR LEDs are modulated with 900 Hz and 1,000 Hz, respectively to increase the signal-to-noise ratio and reduce interference between the light sources. The modulated lights pass through the lenses and sample, and are acquired by a photodetector. The transmittances of the 4.2 μm and 4.7 μm lights are measured to detect the aerosol particles and gases, and the aerosol particles and gases are classified via hierarchical clustering using the measured transmittances and the ratio between the measured transmittances. Various aerosol particles and gases are detected by measuring the transmittance, and the aerosol particles and gases are classified by calculating the distance between clusters. Spectral transmittances analysis of different wavelength bands will enable the detection of various aerosol particles and gases, and further improve the classification accuracy. Furthermore, this method can be applied to fire detection to develop a highly useful technique that can detect and classify fire smoke and rapidly detect the type of fire.

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“…In recent years, quantum cascaded lasers (QCLs) [17] with a spectral range of 3.7 μm -12 μm and interband cascaded lasers (ICLs) [18] with a spectral range of 2.6 μm -6 μm provide advantages in terms of continuous-wave (CW), distributed feedback (DFB), high output power levels, and compactness, which make them extremely suitable for a high sensitivity optical trace gas sensor [19,20]. For many species, especially complex molecular compounds such as propane (C 3 H 8 ), propene (C 3 H 6 ), and ethanol (C 2 H 6 O), the fundamental rotational-vibrational transitions in the mid-infrared region are several orders of magnitude more intense than transitions in the overtone and combination bands in the near-infrared region [21,22]. Therefore, the developments of ICL and QCL based WMS gas sensor can permit higher detection sensitivity for more interesting species.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of Ethanol Using a Tunable Interband Cascade Laser at 3.345 μm

et al. 2018

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With the progress of the laser manufacturing technology, trace gas sensors based on tunable interband cascade lasers (ICLs) and quantum cascade lasers (QCLs) have been widely used to detect organic compounds with high sensitivity. Compared with overtone and combination bands in the near infrared region, for many species, the intensities of fundamental rotational-vibrational absorption bands in the mid-infrared region are much stronger. In this paper, we demonstrate an ethanol sensor using a room-temperature continuous-wave (CW) tunable ICL laser as a light source to detect ethanol vapor concentration with high sensitivity. Combined with the first harmonic (1f) normalized second harmonic (2f) wavelength modulation spectroscopy (WMS) technology, the characteristics of the harmonics of the system are analyzed, and the amplitude of the first harmonic decrease with an increased concentration of ethanol has been demonstrated both theoretically and experimentally. As a result, a detection limitation of 28 ppb is achieved.

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Highly sensitive and fast detection of propane–butane using a 3 μm quantum cascade laser

Cited by 13 publications

References 18 publications

MIR Spectroscopy beyond trace levels - environmental and industrial applications

MIR Spectroscopy beyond trace levels - environmental and industrial applications

Method for Aerosol Particle and Gas Analyses based on Dual-channel Mid-infrared Sensor

Detection of Ethanol Using a Tunable Interband Cascade Laser at 3.345 μm

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