Highly Sensitive and Selective VOC Sensor Systems Based on Semiconductor Gas Sensors: How to?

Schütze, Andreas; Baur, Tobias; Leidinger, M.; Reimringer, W.; Jung, Ralf; Conrad, Thorsten; Sauerwald, Tilman

doi:10.3390/environments4010020

Cited by 93 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 51 publications

(55 reference statements)

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“…PID sensors' lenses are expected, with usage, to be contaminated by dust and/or dirt; therefore, the lens must be cleaned frequently. NMHC is measured by gas sensitive semiconductor (GSS) sensor [20,21]. The literature has revealed that these sensors are reliable and they have been used by several studies [18,19,[22][23][24][25][26][27][28].…”

Section: On-site Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the Indoor Air Quality in Governmental Oversight Supermarkets (Co-Ops) in Kuwait

Almutairi¹,

Alsanad²,

Alhelailah³

2019

Applied Sciences

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Examining the indoor air environment of public venues, especially populated supermarkets such as Co-Ops in Kuwait, is crucial to ensure that these venues are safe from indoor environmental deficits such as sick building syndrome (SBS). The aim of this study was to characterize the quality of the indoor air environment of the Co-Ops supermarkets in Kuwait based on investigation of CO2, CO, NO2, H2S, TVOCs, and NMHC. On-site measurements were conducted to evaluate these parameters in three locations at the selected Co-Ops, and the perceived air quality (PAQ) was determined to quantify the air’s pollutants as perceived by humans. Moreover, the indoor air quality index (AQI) was constructed for the selected locations, and the ANOVA test was used to analyze the association between the observed concentrations among these environmental parameters. At least in one spot at each Co-Op, the tested environmental parameters exceeded the threshold limit set by the environmental agencies. The PAQ for Co-Op1, 2, and 3 are 1.25, 1.00, and 0.75 respectively. CO2 was significantly found in an association with CO, H2S, and TVOCs, and its indoor-outdoor concentrations were significantly correlated with R2 values ranges from 0.40 to 0.86 depending on the tested location.

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Section: On-site Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the Indoor Air Quality in Governmental Oversight Supermarkets (Co-Ops) in Kuwait

Almutairi¹,

Alsanad²,

Alhelailah³

2019

Applied Sciences

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“…The monitoring of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), including ethanol (C 2 H 6 O), acetone (C 3 H 6 O), and toluene (C 7 H 8 ), is routinely needed for evaluating environmental quality and industrial safety [1]. Recently, the monitoring of VOCs has also gained importance in clinical applications as a promising tool to identify pathological conditions at early stages (via breath analysis of anomalous concentrations of certain VOCs) [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, the monitoring of VOCs has also gained importance in clinical applications as a promising tool to identify pathological conditions at early stages (via breath analysis of anomalous concentrations of certain VOCs) [2]. In this context, metal oxides (MOXs)-based gas sensors (chemoresistive sensors) are attractive devices that can be miniaturized and integrated as array systems into compact VOC monitoring equipment at reduced fabrication costs as compared to other technologies (e.g., spectrometers) [1,2]. Previously, MOXs such as ZnO, SnO 2 , WO 3 , and TiO 2 at the nanoscale have proved promising properties to sense VOCs due to their high surface-to-volume ratio, which provides better sensitivity and stability compared to bulk MOXs [3][4][5][6][7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Mg Doping Levels on the Sensing Properties of SnO2 Films

Bendahmane

Tomić

Touidjen

et al. 2020

Sensors

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This work presents the effect of magnesium (Mg) doping on the sensing properties of tin dioxide (SnO2) thin films. Mg-doped SnO2 films were prepared via a spray pyrolysis method using three doping concentrations (0.8 at.%, 1.2 at.%, and 1.6 at.%) and the sensing responses were obtained at a comparatively low operating temperature (160 °C) compared to other gas sensitive materials in the literature. The morphological, structural and chemical composition analysis of the doped films show local lattice disorders and a proportional decrease in the average crystallite size as the Mg-doping level increases. These results also indicate an excess of Mg (in the samples prepared with 1.6 at.% of magnesium) which causes the formation of a secondary magnesium oxide phase. The films are tested towards three volatile organic compounds (VOCs), including ethanol, acetone, and toluene. The gas sensing tests show an enhancement of the sensing properties to these vapors as the Mg-doping level rises. This improvement is particularly observed for ethanol and, thus, the gas sensing analysis is focused on this analyte. Results to 80 ppm of ethanol, for instance, show that the response of the 1.6 at.% Mg-doped SnO2 film is four times higher and 90 s faster than that of the 0.8 at.% Mg-doped SnO2 film. This enhancement is attributed to the Mg-incorporation into the SnO2 cell and to the formation of MgO within the film. These two factors maximize the electrical resistance change in the gas adsorption stage, and thus, raise ethanol sensitivity.

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“…This approach has previously been studied for the selective detection of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), e.g. benzene in indoor air (Leidinger et al, 2014;Schütze et al, 2017). MOS gas sensors are very robust and sensitive devices (Morrison, 1981;Sasahara et al, 2004) sensitive to a broad variety of reducing gases.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Highly sensitive benzene detection with metal oxide semiconductor gas sensors – an inter-laboratory comparison

Sauerwald

Baur

Leidinger

et al. 2018

J. Sens. Sens. Syst.

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Abstract. For detection of benzene, a gas sensor system with metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) gas sensors using temperature-cycled operation (TCO) is presented. The system has been tested in two different laboratories at the concentration range from 0.5 up to 10 ppb. The system is equipped with three gas sensors and advanced temperature control and read-out electronics for the extraction of features from the TCO signals. A sensor model is used to describe the sensor response in dependence on the gas concentration. It is based on a linear differential surface reduction (DSR) at a low temperature phase, which is linked to an exponential growth of the sensor conductance. To compensate for cross interference to other gases, the DSR is measured at three different temperatures (200, 250, 300 • C) and the calculated features are put into a multilinear regression (partial least square regression -PLSR) for the quantification of benzene at both laboratories. In the tests with the first set-up, benzene was supplied in defined gas profiles in a continuous gas flow with variation of humidity and various interferents, e.g. toluene and carbon monoxide (CO). Depending on the gas background and interferents, the quantification accuracy is between ±0.2 and ±2 ppb. The second gas mixing system is based on a circulation of the carrier gas stream in a closed-loop control for the benzene concentration and other test gases based on continuously available reference measurements for benzene and other organic and inorganic compounds. In this system, a similar accuracy was achieved for low background contaminations and constant humidity; the benzene level could be quantified with an error of less than 0.5 ppb. The transfer of regression models for one laboratory to the other has been tested successfully.

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Highly Sensitive and Selective VOC Sensor Systems Based on Semiconductor Gas Sensors: How to?

Cited by 93 publications

References 51 publications

Evaluation of the Indoor Air Quality in Governmental Oversight Supermarkets (Co-Ops) in Kuwait

Evaluation of the Indoor Air Quality in Governmental Oversight Supermarkets (Co-Ops) in Kuwait

Influence of Mg Doping Levels on the Sensing Properties of SnO2 Films

Highly sensitive benzene detection with metal oxide semiconductor gas sensors – an inter-laboratory comparison

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