Highly sensitive gas chromatographic–mass spectrometric method for morphine determination in plasma that is suitable for pharmacokinetic studies

Fryirs, Bronwyn; Dawson, Michael J.; Mather, Laurence E.

doi:10.1016/s0378-4347(97)00049-2

Cited by 28 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…7 For the simultaneous measurement of morphine and its glucuronide metabolites, LC/MS methods have recently been described 8–10. The required specificity and sensitivity is met by gas chromatography (GC) in combination with mass spectrometry (MS)11–13 or electron capture detection 14. Besides the use of electron ionisation (EI), positive‐ion chemical ionisation methods have also been employed for the analysis of morphine 15.…”

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confidence: 99%

Gas chromatography/negative‐ion chemical ionisation mass spectrometry for the quantitative analysis of morphine in human plasma using pentafluorobenzyl carbonate derivatives

Leis

Windischhofer

Fauler

2002

Rapid Comm Mass Spectrometry

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A sensitive and specific method for the quantitative determination of morphine in human plasma is presented. Morphine was extracted from plasma by solid phase extraction on C18 and converted to its pentafluorobenzyl carbonate trimethylsilyl derivative. The derivatives were analysed without further purification. Using gas chromatography/negative ion chemical ionisation mass spectrometry, a useful diagnostic fragment ion at m/z 356 is obtained at high relative abundance. Deuterated morphine was used as internal standard. Calibration graphs were linear within the range 1.25 to 320 nmol/L. Intra-day precision was 3.82% (15 nmol/L), 2.85% (75 nmol/L) and 4.13% (225 nmol/L), inter-day variability was found to be 1.77% (15 nmol/L), 4.95% (75 nmol/L) and 9.88% (225 nmol/L). Inter-day accuracy showed deviations of 2.18% (15 nmol/L), -0.72% (75 nmol/L) and -0.13% (225 nmol/L). The method is rugged and robust and has been applied to the batch analysis of morphine during pharmacokinetic profiling of the drug.

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confidence: 99%

Gas chromatography/negative‐ion chemical ionisation mass spectrometry for the quantitative analysis of morphine in human plasma using pentafluorobenzyl carbonate derivatives

Leis

Windischhofer

Fauler

2002

Rapid Comm Mass Spectrometry

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“…Gas chromatography alone, or with mass spectrometer detection, has proved sensitive and selective but it needs prior derivitization and delicate equipment, and is expensive (5)(6)(7)(8)(9). Using ELISA for measurement of morphine has proven to be sensitive but the method was not specific and showed significant great cross-reactivity (10).…”

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confidence: 99%

Rapid and sensitive quantitation of morphine using HPLC with electrochemical detection

Mashayekhi

Ghandforoush-Sattari

Hain

2008

Journal of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics

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“…Various methods have been reported for the determination of these important opium alkaloids. These include amperometric detection [3], TLC [4], GC [5,6], and HPLC [2,7,8]. However, CE is the main method frequently used owing to its inherent high efficiency and simplicity of instrumentation needed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The use of CE‐electrochemiluminescence with ionic liquid for the determination of bioactive constituents in Chinese traditional medicine

Gao

Qian

et al. 2006

Electrophoresis

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CE / tris(2,2-bipyridyl) ruthenium(II) (Ru(bpy)(3) (2+)) electrochemiluminescence (ECL), CE-ECL, with an ionic liquid (IL) detection system was established for the determination of bioactive constituents in Chinese traditional medicine opium poppy which contain large amounts of coexistent substances. A minimal sample pretreatment which involves a one-step extraction approach avoids both sample loss and environmental pollution. As the nearby hydroxyl groups in some alkaloid such as morphine may react with borate to form complexes and IL, as a high-conductivity additive in running buffer, could cause an enhanced field-amplified effect of electrokinetic injection. Running buffer containing 25 mM borax-8 mM 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate (EMImBF(4))IL (pH 9.18) was used which resulted in significant changes in separation selectivity and obvious enhancement in ECL intensities for those alkaloids with similar structures. Sensitive detection could be achieved when the distance between the Pt working electrode and the outlet of separation capillary was set at 150 microm and the stainless steel cannula was fixed approximately 1 cm away from the outlet of the capillary. Quantitative analysis of four alkaloids was achieved at a detection voltage of 1.2 V and a separation voltage of 15 kV in less than 7 min. Detection limits of thebaine, codeine, morphine, and narcotine were 2.5 x 10(-7), 2.5 x 10(-7), 1 x 10(-9) and 1 x 10(-6) M(S/N = 3), respectively. The method was successfully applied to determine the amounts of opium alkaloids in real poppy samples.

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Highly sensitive gas chromatographic–mass spectrometric method for morphine determination in plasma that is suitable for pharmacokinetic studies

Cited by 28 publications

References 16 publications

Gas chromatography/negative‐ion chemical ionisation mass spectrometry for the quantitative analysis of morphine in human plasma using pentafluorobenzyl carbonate derivatives

Gas chromatography/negative‐ion chemical ionisation mass spectrometry for the quantitative analysis of morphine in human plasma using pentafluorobenzyl carbonate derivatives

Rapid and sensitive quantitation of morphine using HPLC with electrochemical detection

The use of CE‐electrochemiluminescence with ionic liquid for the determination of bioactive constituents in Chinese traditional medicine

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