Highly Stable Aqueous Zinc‐Ion Storage Using a Layered Calcium Vanadium Oxide Bronze Cathode

Abstract

Cost-effective aqueous rechargeable batteries are attractive alternatives to non-aqueous cells for stationary grid energy storage. Among different aqueous cells, zinc-ion batteries (ZIBs), based on Zn intercalation chemistry, stand out as they can employ high-capacity Zn metal as the anode material. Herein, we report a layered calcium vanadium oxide bronze as the cathode material for aqueous Zn batteries. For the storage of the Zn ions in the aqueous electrolyte, we demonstrate that the calcium-based bronze structure can deliver a high capacity of 340 mA h g at 0.2 C, good rate capability, and very long cycling life (96 % retention after 3000 cycles at 80 C). Further, we investigate the Zn storage mechanism, and the corresponding electrochemical kinetics in this bronze cathode. Finally, we show that our Zn cell delivers an energy density of 267 W h kg at a power density of 53.4 W kg .

Recent Progress of Rechargeable Batteries Using Mild Aqueous Electrolytes

“…Vanadium oxide is another attractive zinc‐ion storage material because of its large capacity (>300 mAh g −1 ), fast dynamics, and low cost . These advantages are mainly ascribed to the multiple oxidation states of vanadium and the large open‐framework crystal structure.…”

The Three‐Dimensional Dendrite‐Free Zinc Anode on a Copper Mesh with a Zinc‐Oriented Polyacrylamide Electrolyte Additive

“…[8] Actually,the influence caused by the zinc dendrites is more severe at low current densities owing to the lower nucleation overpotential and less activate sites for zinc deposition, which results in the larger nucleation size and the growth of larger zinc dendrites. [8] Actually,the influence caused by the zinc dendrites is more severe at low current densities owing to the lower nucleation overpotential and less activate sites for zinc deposition, which results in the larger nucleation size and the growth of larger zinc dendrites.…”

Unravelling H+/Zn2+ Synergistic Intercalation in a Novel Phase of Manganese Oxide for High‐Performance Aqueous Rechargeable Battery

“…Rechargeable aqueous Zn‐based batteries are attractive for large‐scale energy storage (LSES), due to their low cost, high safety, and eco‐friendliness, as well as high ionic conductivity of the aqueous electrolyte . Among the most studied cathode materials, such as Prussian blue analogues and vanadium‐based oxides, manganese oxides are more promising for practical use of aqueous Zn ion batteries, attributing to both the high operating cell voltage and considerable capacity delivery . However, the structure collapse of MnO 2 (α‐, β‐, γ‐, etc.)…”