Highly stretchable and robust textile-based capacitive mechanical sensor for human motion detection

Meena, Jagan Singh; Choi, Su Bin; Khanh, Tran Duc; Shin, Hyun Sik; Choi, Jun Sang; Joo, Jinho; Kim, Jong‐Woong

doi:10.1016/j.apsusc.2022.155961

Cited by 27 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…As shown in Figures c,d and S3 (in the Supporting Information), the device was found to be stable for the 2000 cycles for all the pressure values. The sensor’s response time was roughly 100 ms, and its recovery time was 300 ms (Figure e), which are comparable to the values reported in the literature. − It may be noted from Figure d that the response is sharp while applying pressure, which infers excellent piezoelectric behavior, i.e., on the application of pressure, the dipoles rotate very fast to give a response. On the other hand, when the pressure is released, the PVDF 79 PU 21 nanofiber shows a fast recovery initially due to strong interactions between PU and PVDF molecules, which gives it an elastic behavior, resulting in bringing the dipoles of PVDF (−CH 2 –/–CF 2 −) back to their original position.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 82%

“…When different pressures were applied, the relative change in capacitance (Δ C / C 0 ) increases with the increase in pressure from 0 to 8 kPa. The pressure sensitivity ( S P ) of the sensor was calculated using the equation S normalP = normalΔ ( Δ C C 0 ) normalΔ P where Δ C / C 0 is the relative change in capacitance, P is the applied pressure. PVDF 79 PU 21 nanofiber based pressure sensors exhibited a linear sensitivity curve (Figure b) with a R 2 value of 0.98 and a sensitivity value of 0.3 kPa –1 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hybrid Piezo-Capacitive Multimodal Sensors Based on Polyurethane–Poly(vinylidene fluoride) Nanofibers for Wearable E-Textiles

Kaur

Meena

Jassal

et al. 2023

ACS Appl. Electron. Mater.

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Wearable textiles with integrated multimodal sensors have numerous uses in the healthcare, entertainment, fitness, and fashion industries. However, the majority of reported sensors use different measurement methods to measure different stimuli, i.e., strain, pressure, and temperature. Further, they lack repeatability and stretchability for multimodal sensing. We have solved these issues by fabricating hybrid piezoelectric-capacitive sensors based on the PVDF–PU blend. Though PVDF, being a piezoelectric polymer, can be used as a dielectric layer in a capacitive sensor, it shows a poor piezoelectric coefficient and is mechanically unstable to cyclic deformations. To overcome this problem, we have used a specific blend of PU with PVDF, which has both high stretchability and piezoelectric coefficient. PVDF79PU21 (with 21% PU) nanofiber capacitive sensors showed a multimodal response with an excellent sensitivity of 0.3 kPa–1 for up to 8 kPa pressure stimuli, a good gauge factor ranging between 0.5 and 0.75 for 0–40% cyclic strain, and high sensitivities of 0.8 and 2% °C–1 for 30–60 and 60–100 °C, respectively. They could be used for measuring the human body temperature in the range of 37–40 °C with a sensitivity of 0.9% °C–1. The prototypes of PVDF79PU21 nanofiber-based capacitive sensors were attached to different body parts to measure extension and flexion movements with high sensitivity, which showed its great potential as a wearable sensor.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hybrid Piezo-Capacitive Multimodal Sensors Based on Polyurethane–Poly(vinylidene fluoride) Nanofibers for Wearable E-Textiles

Kaur

Meena

Jassal

et al. 2023

ACS Appl. Electron. Mater.

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“…Due to their substantial size, Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene nanosheets are particularly suitable for the creation of conductive fabrics as they can establish a smooth surface morphology and form robust bonds with textiles. 11 The surface morphology of the conductive Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene nanosheets renders them highly applicable as conformal coatings on fiber surfaces. The measured conductivity of the MXene-coated fabric displayed a high value of 8410 S• cm −1 .…”

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-Repairing and Energy-Harvesting Triboelectric Sensor for Tracking Limb Motion and Identifying Breathing Patterns

Meena

Khanh

Jung

et al. 2023

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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The increasing prevalence of health problems stemming from sedentary lifestyles and evolving workplace cultures has placed a substantial burden on healthcare systems. Consequently, remote health wearable monitoring systems have emerged as essential tools to track individuals' health and wellbeing. Self-powered triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) have exhibited significant potential for use as emerging detection devices capable of recognizing body movements and monitoring breathing patterns. However, several challenges remain to be addressed in order to fulfill the requirements for self-healing ability, air permeability, energy harvesting, and suitable sensing materials. These materials must possess high flexibility, be lightweight, and have excellent triboelectric charging effects in both electropositive and electronegative layers. In this work, we investigated selfhealable electrospun polybutadiene-based urethane (PBU) as a positive triboelectric layer and titanium carbide (Ti 3 C 2 T x ) MXene as a negative triboelectric layer for the fabrication of an energy-harvesting TENG device. PBU consists of maleimide and furfuryl components as well as hydrogen bonds that trigger the Diels−Alder reaction, contributing to its self-healing properties. Moreover, this urethane incorporates a multitude of carbonyl and amine groups, which create dipole moments in both the stiff and the flexible segments of the polymer. This characteristic positively influences the triboelectric qualities of PBU by facilitating electron transfer between contacting materials, ultimately resulting in high output performance. We employed this device for sensing applications to monitor human motion and breathing pattern recognition. The soft and fibrous-structured TENG generates a high and stable opencircuit voltage of up to 30 V and a short-circuit current of 4 μA at an operation frequency of 4.0 Hz, demonstrating remarkable cyclic stability. A significant feature of our TENG is its self-healing ability, which allows for the restoration of its functionality and performance after sustaining damage. This characteristic has been achieved through the utilization of the self-healable PBU fibers, which can be repaired via a simple vapor solvent method. This innovative approach enables the TENG device to maintain optimal performance and continue functioning effectively even after multiple uses. After integration with a rectifier, the TENG can charge various capacitors and power 120 LEDs. Moreover, we employed the TENG as a self-powered active motion sensor, attaching it to the human body to monitor various body movements for energy-harvesting and sensing purposes. Additionally, the device demonstrates the capability to recognize breathing patterns in real time, offering valuable insights into an individual's respiratory health.

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“…Wearable heaters integrated into fabric and light-emitting fibers/fabric used in rehabilitation and therapy treatments. Triboelectric, piezoresistive, capacitive and resistance-types strain and pressure sensors have used for physical sensing/monitoring to advance the e-textile technology [ 51 , 52 , 123 , 127 , 135 ]. Restive-type heaters [ 136 , 137 ] and light-emitting fibers and fabrics have utilized for therapeutic applications [ 79 , 138 , 139 ].…”

Section: Materials and Techniques Required For Fabrication Of E-textilesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electronic textiles: New age of wearable technology for healthcare and fitness solutions

Meena¹,

Choi²,

Jung³

et al. 2023

Materials Today Bio

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Highly stretchable and robust textile-based capacitive mechanical sensor for human motion detection

Cited by 27 publications

References 66 publications

Hybrid Piezo-Capacitive Multimodal Sensors Based on Polyurethane–Poly(vinylidene fluoride) Nanofibers for Wearable E-Textiles

Hybrid Piezo-Capacitive Multimodal Sensors Based on Polyurethane–Poly(vinylidene fluoride) Nanofibers for Wearable E-Textiles

Self-Repairing and Energy-Harvesting Triboelectric Sensor for Tracking Limb Motion and Identifying Breathing Patterns

Electronic textiles: New age of wearable technology for healthcare and fitness solutions

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