Highly stretchable and sensitive flexible resistive strain sensor based on waterborne polyurethane polymer for wearable electronics

Xia, Panpan; Liu, Ping; Wu, Shunge; Zhang, Qian; Wang, Pengfei; Hu, Ruohai; Xing, Kun; Liu, Caixia; Song, Aiguo; Yang, Xiaoming; Huang, Ying

doi:10.1016/j.compscitech.2022.109355

Cited by 55 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…It can be seen from Fig. 2 that the reported maximum sensible strain of some CNT-based sensors 49,63,65,97,134 can reach up to 350%. 65 Even though the strain ranges of some of these sensors are not reported/completely plotted in Fig.…”

Section: Cnt-basedmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…For example, to increase the dispersibility and binding of CNTs in the polymer, waterborne polyurethane (WPU) and WPU-OH were used to functionalize the CNTs to make a CNT/polymer-based ink suitable for screen printing. 49 Three different sensors were screen-printed: a single-layer sensor without cracks, a single-layer sensor with cracks, and a double-layer sensor with cracks (Fig. 3d).…”

Section: Mechanical Sensors By Typementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fabrication of flexible mechanical sensors by printing technologies have emerged as a versatile, economical, and enabling approach. For instance, various types of mechanical sensors (e.g., force, [33][34][35] pressure, [36][37][38][39][40] and strain [41][42][43][44][45][46] ) can be produced by leveraging many 2D/3D printing techniques including but not limited to screen printing, [47][48][49][50][51] inkjet printing, [52][53][54][55][56] direct ink writing (DIW), [57][58][59] digital light processing (DLP), [60][61][62] and fused filament fabrication (FFF). [63][64][65][66] The additive nature of printing technologies also largely reduces the fabrication cost and time; 67,68 in addition, fabrication by printing enabled the production of flexible mechanical sensors with excellent performance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Printed flexible mechanical sensors

Smocot

Zhang

et al. 2022

Nanoscale

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Section: Cnt-basedmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Mechanical Sensors By Typementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Printed flexible mechanical sensors

Smocot

Zhang

et al. 2022

Nanoscale

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“…For instance, Shajari 31 fabricated a 3D hybrid nanonetwork structure strain sensor of the silver nanowire (AgNW) and carbon nanotube in fluoroelastomer FKM, which showed high stretchability of up to 300% and ultrahigh sensitivity (gauge factor (GF) = 2.5 × 10 7 ) and could be used in human motion monitoring. Xia 32 prepared the modified multiwalled carbon nanotubes as conductive fillers into the waterborne polyurethane and the obtained sensor, showing outstanding properties and human motion and physiological detection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Silver Nanowire/Silver/Poly(dimethylsiloxane) as Strain Sensors for Motion Monitoring

Zhang

Liu

et al. 2022

ACS Appl. Nano Mater.

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Stretchable resistive sensors attract wide attention due to their feasible fabrication method and promising application prospect, while the sensitivity (gauge factor (GF)) and response time for quick and effective response in working are very important for stretchable resistive sensors. Herein, a facile method combined with solution coating and laser direct writing is promoted to fabricate a silver nanowire/silver/poly(dimethylsiloxane) (AgNW/Ag/PDMS) strain sensor. The reduced Ag welds the AgNWs to make the conductive layer robust for deformation, and the obtained stretchable resistive sensor has a high GF of 623.2, a short response time of 51 ms, a recovery time of 50 ms, a wide sensing range beyond 35%, and good cyclic repeatability (over 2000 times). The sensor features highly sensitive and stable performance for monitoring diverse human and mechanical motions, demonstrating a promising and attractive application for wearable devices and human–machine interaction.

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“…Since the ECR technique uses microwaves to generate plasma, which is independent of the bias voltages of the substrate and the target, the temperature during fabrication can be controlled precisely [46] . Under the energy transfer of the low-energy electron excitation effect instead of the thermal effect, a large amount of "standing" GNs grown vertically on the substrate and the nanostructure of the carbon film can be controlled at low temperatures, leading to excellent performance [47][48][49] . The F-GNEC film contains high-density GNs, which act as electron capture centers for photodetection and thermal excitation [45,50] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct fabrication of high-performance multi-response e-skin based on a graphene nanosheet film

Zhang¹,

Li²,

Wang³

et al. 2022

Soft Sci

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With the increasing popularity of wearable devices, lightweight electronic skin (e-skin) has attracted significant attention. However, current fabrication technologies make it difficult to directly fabricate sensing materials on flexible substrates at low temperatures. Hence, we propose a flexible graphene nanosheet-embedded carbon (F-GNEC) film, which is directly grown on a flexible substrate using an electron cyclotron resonance low-temperature sputtering system. The direct batch manufacturing of e-skin is obtained by the unique plasma generation mode of electron cyclotron resonance and the polariton energy transfer mode between the plasma and substrate surface. The F-GNEC film contains a large number of graphene nanosheets grown vertically and the graphene edges can serve as electron capture centers, thereby enabling the multi-response properties. We achieve a high gauge factor of 14,699 under a tensile strain of ε = 0.5% and the changing rate of the resistance reaches to 113.2% when the e-skin is bent to 120°. Furthermore, the e-skin achieves a photocurrent of 1.2 μA under 532 nm laser illumination. The F-GNEC film exhibits a sensitive temperature response and achieves a coefficient of -0.58%/°C in a wide temperature range (30-100 °C). The directly fabricated F-GNEC film-based e-skin is stable and firm and exhibits multi-response detection capabilities, which enable its potential application in virtual reality technology and flexible robots.

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Highly stretchable and sensitive flexible resistive strain sensor based on waterborne polyurethane polymer for wearable electronics

Cited by 55 publications

References 27 publications

Printed flexible mechanical sensors

Printed flexible mechanical sensors

Silver Nanowire/Silver/Poly(dimethylsiloxane) as Strain Sensors for Motion Monitoring

Direct fabrication of high-performance multi-response e-skin based on a graphene nanosheet film

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