Highly stretchable organic electrochemical transistors with strain-resistant performance

Chen, Jianhua; Huang, Wei; Zheng, Ding; Xie, Zhaoqian; Zhuang, Xinming; Zhao, Dan; Chen, Yao; Su, Ning; Chen, Hongming; Pankow, Robert M.; Gao, Zhan; Yu, Junsheng; Guo, Xugang; Cheng, Yuhua; Strzalka, Joseph; Yu, Xinge; Marks, Tobin J.; Facchetti, Antonio

doi:10.1038/s41563-022-01239-9

Cited by 136 publications

(154 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…The relatively lower ON/OFF ratio (< 40) and response speed (> 0.25 s) would not necessarily limit the applications in neuromorphic devices and signal amplification, because the transconductance is kept high for low-voltage signal inputs and the operation time scale is comparable [ 27 , 57 ]. Hence more complicated artificial synaptic arrays and real-time biosensing could be further explored, in which enhanced stretchability and OECT functionality are achievable by utilizing other intrinsically stretchable conducting polymers [ 18 , 23 , 58 ] and ion gels [ 8 ], along with optimized 3D architectures [ 7 ] and functionalization at the interfaces [ 59 ]. Thus, we believe the proposed elastic all-polymer OECT platform may accelerate the advancement of organic electronic devices in research fields including human–machine interfaces, artificial intelligence, and sustainable/transient electronics.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, Yan’s group reported printing of conducting polymers on biomimicking 3D microtextured templates to realize omnidirectional stretchability for up to 30% strain [ 31 ]. Very recently, Chen and colleagues also developed an intrinsically stretchable semiconducting channel material with honeycomb-like microcavities to resist thousands of cycles of biaxial strains at 30% [ 18 ]. Nevertheless, for gel-based OECTs, the permanent shape changes and interfacial delamination that may occur during repeated deformation have remained as crucial challenges [ 13 ], and the stability of the coupled electronic-ionic conducting interface also requires detailed study over long periods.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nevertheless, there are a very limited number of researches in achieving all-solid-state OECTs with high elasticity to date. The lack of the highly stretchable conductors and semiconducting polymers required, along with the elastic gel electrolytes, has greatly hindered the development of mechanically robust OECTs that are capable of sustaining large strains of > 50% [17,18]. Major efforts have been devoted to developing stretchable poly (3,4-ethylenedioxyth iophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS)-based conducting polymers that exhibit steady electronic functionality under applied strains [19,20,21,22,23,24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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High-Transconductance, Highly Elastic, Durable and Recyclable All-Polymer Electrochemical Transistors with 3D Micro-Engineered Interfaces

Wang

et al. 2022

Nano-Micro Lett.

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Organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) have emerged as versatile platforms for broad applications spanning from flexible and wearable integrated circuits to biomedical monitoring to neuromorphic computing. A variety of materials and tailored micro/nanostructures have recently been developed to realized stretchable OECTs, however, a solid-state OECT with high elasticity has not been demonstrated to date. Herein, we present a general platform developed for the facile generation of highly elastic all-polymer OECTs with high transconductance (up to 12.7 mS), long-term mechanical and environmental durability, and sustainability. Rapid prototyping of these devices was achieved simply by transfer printing lithium bis(trifluoromethane)sulfonimide doped poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene): poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS/LiTFSI) microstructures onto a resilient gelatin-based gel electrolyte, in which both depletion-mode and enhancement-mode OECTs were produced using various active channels. Remarkably, the elaborate 3D architectures of the PEDOT:PSS were engineered, and an imprinted 3D-microstructured channel/electrolyte interface combined with wrinkled electrodes provided performance that was retained (> 70%) through biaxial stretching of 100% strain and after 1000 repeated cycles of 80% strain. Furthermore, the anti-drying and degradable gelatin and the self-crosslinked PEDOT:PSS/LiTFSI jointly enabled stability during > 4 months of storage and on-demand disposal and recycling. This work thus represents a straightforward approach towards high-performance stretchable organic electronics for wearable/implantable/neuromorphic/sustainable applications.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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High-Transconductance, Highly Elastic, Durable and Recyclable All-Polymer Electrochemical Transistors with 3D Micro-Engineered Interfaces

Wang

et al. 2022

Nano-Micro Lett.

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“…However, most efforts to study OECT devices have focused on the synthesis of novel, highly conductive, and electrochemically stable channel materials [ 17 , 18 , 19 ] or the physical modeling of devices [ 20 , 21 , 22 ]. However, the research on soft and deformable OECTs has progressed recently [ 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Comparison of the figures of merit of the state-of-the-art stretchable OECTs in the present work. References [ 15 , 23 , 24 , 26 , 58 , 59 , 60 ] are cited in the Supplementary Materials.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

PEDOT Composite with Ionic Liquid and Its Application to Deformable Electrochemical Transistors

Lee

Jang

Lee

et al. 2022

Gels

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Organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) have become popular due to their advantages of a lower operating voltage and higher transconductance compared with conventional silicon transistors. However, current OECT platform-based skin-inspired electronics applications are limited due to the lack of stretchability in poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS). Some meaningful structural design strategies to resolve this limitation, including rendering OECT to make it more stretchable, have been reported. However, these strategies require complicated fabrication processes and face challenges due to the low areal density of active devices because wavy interconnect parts account for a large area. Nevertheless, there have been only a few reports of fully deformable OECT having skin-like mechanical properties and deformability. In this study, we fabricated stretchable and conductivity-enhanced channel materials using a spray-coating method after a composite solution preparation by blending PEDOT:PSS with several ionic liquids. Among these, the PEDOT composite prepared using 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium octyl sulfate exhibited a better maximum transconductance value (~0.3 mS) than the other ion composites. When this material was used for our deformable OECT platform using stretchable Au nanomembrane electrodes on an elastomer substrate and an encapsulation layer, our d-ECT showed a barely degraded resistance value between the source and drain during 1000 cycles of a 30% repeated strain. We expect that our d-ECT device will serve as a step toward the development of more precise and accurate biomedical healthcare monitoring systems.

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Biomolecules‐Incorporated Metal‐Organic Frameworks Gated Light‐Sensitive Organic Photoelectrochemical Transistor for Biodetection

Gao

et al. 2022

Adv Funct Materials

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Incorporating biomolecules into metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs) as exoskeletons to form biomolecules‐MOFs biohybrids has attracted great attention as an emerging class of advanced materials. Organic devices have been shown as powerful platforms for next‐generation bioelectronics, such as wearable biosensors, tissue engineering constructs, and neural interfaces. Herein, biomolecules‐incorporated MOFs as innovative gating module is realized for the first time, which is exemplified by biocatalytic precipitation (BCP)‐oriented horseradish peroxidase (HRP)‐embedded zeolitic imidazolate framework‐90 (HRP@ZIF‐90)/CdIn2S4 gated organic photoelectrochemical transistor under light illumination. In connection to a sandwich immunocomplexing targeting the model analyte human IgG, the IgG‐dependent generation of H2O2 and the tandem HRP‐triggered BCP reaction can cause the in situ blocking of the pore network of ZIF‐90, leading to variant gating effect with corresponding responses of the device. This representative biodetection achieved good analytical performance with a wide linear range and a low detection limit of 100 fg mL−1. In the view of the plentiful biomolecule‐MOF complexes and their potential interactions with organic systems, this study provides a proof‐of‐concept study for the generic development of biomolecules‐MOFs‐gated electronics and beyond.

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Highly stretchable organic electrochemical transistors with strain-resistant performance

Cited by 136 publications

References 54 publications

High-Transconductance, Highly Elastic, Durable and Recyclable All-Polymer Electrochemical Transistors with 3D Micro-Engineered Interfaces

High-Transconductance, Highly Elastic, Durable and Recyclable All-Polymer Electrochemical Transistors with 3D Micro-Engineered Interfaces

PEDOT Composite with Ionic Liquid and Its Application to Deformable Electrochemical Transistors

Biomolecules‐Incorporated Metal‐Organic Frameworks Gated Light‐Sensitive Organic Photoelectrochemical Transistor for Biodetection

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