The carrier transport and the exciton recombination region, which are strongly affected by temperature, are essential to organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs) under thermal stress. We selected different charge carrier transport materials with different glass transition temperature (Tg) to investigate their effect on the thermal stability of OLEDs. By calculating the carrier mobility at different annealing temperatures and comparing the simulated values by the Arrhenius equation, the effect of the thermal stress on the performance of OLEDs was analyzed. Then, using the luminescent dye as a probe adjacent to the emitting layer and charge transporting layer to identify the exciton recombination region at different temperatures and driving voltages, it was revealed that replacing the functional material with low Tg with a high‐Tg one could effectively increase the thermal stability of the device to 100°C. The optimized devices had a reduced turn‐on voltage, and the electron mobility was increased by more than one order of magnitude, which was conducive to exciton recombination. The work promotes the application of OLEDs in extreme environments by improving their thermal stability.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.