Hilbert Fractal Antenna for Abnormal Discharge Detection of Transmission Equipment

Abstract

The safe and stable operation of the power system can ensure people’s basic electricity needs. It also plays an important role in energy security and economic development and can contribute to environmental protection and energy conservation. If there are problems in the power system, it will not only affect people’s normal life and work but also lead to power loss or waste, thereby exacerbating the impact on the environment. With the long-term operation of transmission equipment, insulation devices are aging, leading to frequent abnormal discharges and affecting the safety and stability of the power system. Therefore, timely detection and troubleshooting are necessary. When abnormal discharge occurs in transmission equipment, it will radiate radio frequency (RF) electromagnetic waves, which are mainly concentrated between 200 MHz and 300 MHz. RF antennas that can capture signals in this frequency band can be used for detection to determine whether abnormal discharge has occurred. This article uses the Hilbert fractal antenna as the research object to analyze the impact of different orders on antenna performance and optimizes the different feeding point positions of the antenna. Finally, the antenna structure for detecting abnormal discharge is obtained. By making an actual antenna and conducting experimental analysis, the discharge detection function of the designed antenna is verified.