Hill climbing hysteresis of perovskite‐based solar cells: a maximum power point tracking investigation

Pellet, Norman; Giordano, Fabrizio; Dar, M. Ibrahim; Gregori, Giuliano; Zakeeruddin, Shaik M.; Maier, Joachim; Grätzel, Michaël

doi:10.1002/pip.2894

Cited by 47 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…6. Figure 6a schematically depicts a forwardreverse I-V sweep typical of a perovskite cell under illumination: the degree of hysteresis manifested by the discrepancy between these I-V sweeps is regarded as a component of cell performance, as significant hysteresis on slow timescales can interfere with maximum power-point tracking [99]. Hysteresis is also of interest in fundamental studies which compare cell types characterized by differences in material composition and structure.…”

Section: Quantifying Hysteresis With Eismentioning

confidence: 99%

The two faces of capacitance: New interpretations for electrical impedance measurements of perovskite solar cells and their relation to hysteresis

Jacobs

Shen

Pfeffer

et al. 2018

Journal of Applied Physics

132

137

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Perovskite solar cells are notorious for exhibiting transient behaviour not seen in conventional inorganic semiconductor devices. Significant inroads have been made into understanding this fact in terms of rapid ion migration, now a well-established property of the prototype photovoltaic perovskite MAPbI3 and strongly implicated in the newer mixed compositions. Here we study the manifestations of ion migration in frequency-domain small-signal measurements, focusing on the popular technique of Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS). We provide new interpretations for a variety of previously puzzling features, including giant photo-induced low-frequency capacitance and negative capacitance in a variety of forms. We show that these apparently strange measurements can be rationalized by the splitting of AC current into two components, one associated with charge-storage, and the other with the quasi-steady-state recombination current of electrons and holes. The latter contribution to the capacitance can take either a positive or a negative sign, and is potentially very large when slow, voltage-sensitive processes such as ion migration are at play. Using numerical drift-diffusion semiconductor models, we show that giant photo-induced capacitance, inductive loop features, and low-frequency negative capacitance all emerge naturally as consequences of ion migration via its coupling to quasi-steady-state electron and hole currents. In doing so, we unify the understanding of EIS measurements with the comparably well-developed theory of rate dependent current-voltage (I-V) measurements in perovskite cells. Comparing the two techniques, we argue that EIS is more suitable for quantifying I-V hysteresis than conventional methods based on I-V sweeps, and demonstrate this application on a variety of cell types.

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Section: Quantifying Hysteresis With Eismentioning

confidence: 99%

The two faces of capacitance: New interpretations for electrical impedance measurements of perovskite solar cells and their relation to hysteresis

Jacobs

Shen

Pfeffer

et al. 2018

Journal of Applied Physics

132

137

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show abstract

“…8,23,24,[27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39] Therefore, to extract meaningful information aiming at commercial application, it is necessary to systematically investigate the stability behaviors of actual PVSK solar cells under realistic operational conditions; i.e., under 1 sun illumination with a load for tracking the maximum power point (MPP). [7][8][9][10][40][41][42][43][44][45] On the basis of our survey (Table 1), reported realistic operational long-term stability profiles in PVSK solar cell research is still at an early stage but certainly making progress. At the…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 72%

Progress toward Stable Lead Halide Perovskite Solar Cells

Ono

Liu

2018

Joule

204

145

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With the rapid developments in lead halide perovskite solar cell technology, record-high power conversion efficiencies have been achieved, and significant research efforts have been directed toward stability, which is still a major challenge facing the commercialization of perovskite solar cell technology. In this review article, we review the research progress that has been made on the stability of perovskite solar cells. We start with an analysis of recently reported operational stability profiles of perovskite solar cells. On the basis of the analysis, we determine the solar cell lifetime (i.e., T 80 values) and the total amount of energy generated during the lifespan of a perovskite solar cell, from which several trends are inferred. In the subsequent sections, we further examine the instability issues associated with various constituents in a perovskite solar cell and the new methods/strategies that have been developed to solve these issues.

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“…Some researchers [9][10][11][12][13][14][15] also present the design and construction of a two-axis solar tracking system in order to track the photovoltaic solar panel according to the direction of beam propagation of solar radiation. To achieve maximum solar energy, solar power systems generally are equipped with devices, which are calculating the maximum power point tracking (MPPT) [16][17][18][19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Low-Cost Closed-Loop Solar Tracking System Based on the Sun Position Algorithm

et al. 2019

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Sun position and the optimum inclination of a solar panel to the sun vary over time throughout the day. A simple but accurate solar position measurement system is essential for maximizing the output power from a solar panel in order to increase the panel efficiency while minimizing the system cost. Solar position can be measured either by a sensor (active/passive) or through the sun position monitoring algorithm. Sensor-based sun position measuring systems fail to measure the solar position in a cloudy or intermittent day, and they require precise installation and periodic calibrations. In contrast, the sun position algorithms use mathematical formula or astronomical data to obtain the station of the sun at a particular geographical location and time. A standalone low-cost but high-precision dual-axis closed-loop sun-tracking system using the sun position algorithm was implemented in an 8-bit microcontroller platform. The Astronomical Almanac’s (AA) algorithm was used for its simplicity, reliability, and fast computation capability of the solar position. Results revealed that incorporation of the sun position algorithm into a solar tracking system helps in outperforming the fixed system and optical tracking system by 13.9% and 2.1%, respectively. In summary, even for a small-scale solar tracking system, the algorithm-based closed-loop dual-axis tracking system can increase overall system efficiency.

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Hill climbing hysteresis of perovskite‐based solar cells: a maximum power point tracking investigation

Cited by 47 publications

References 48 publications

The two faces of capacitance: New interpretations for electrical impedance measurements of perovskite solar cells and their relation to hysteresis

The two faces of capacitance: New interpretations for electrical impedance measurements of perovskite solar cells and their relation to hysteresis

Progress toward Stable Lead Halide Perovskite Solar Cells

A Low-Cost Closed-Loop Solar Tracking System Based on the Sun Position Algorithm

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