Himalayan futures: tourism and the anticipation of development

Bennike, Rune Bolding

doi:10.1080/02255189.2020.1700786

Cited by 15 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Buddhist ethical and moral principles continue to influence life among the region's highly diverse mountain ecosystems and extensively glacierized landscapes (Childs 2004;Plachta 2018;Robson et al 2018). However, road building efforts, the 2015 Nepal earthquake, and an emerging tourism economy also shape contemporary outlooks (Bennike 2017(Bennike , 2018(Bennike , 2019. The upper Manaslu region was designated as a conservation area in 1998.…”

Section: Nepal Case Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

From needs to actions: prospects for planned adaptations in high mountain communities

et al. 2020

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Adaptation needs in high mountain communities are increasingly well documented, yet most efforts to address these needs continue to befall mountain people who have contributed little to the problem of climate change. This situation represents a contravention of accepted norms of climate justice and calls attention to the need for better understanding of prospects for externally resourced adaptation initiatives in high mountain areas. In response, this paper examines the architecture of formal adaptation support mechanisms organized through the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and how such mechanisms might help to meet adaptation needs in high mountain communities. It outlines key global adaptation initiatives organized through the UNFCCC, clarifies idealized linkages between these global adaptation initiatives and meeting local adaptation needs, and evaluates actual progress in connecting such support with discrete adaptation needs in the upper Manaslu region of Nepal. The paper then critically examines observed shortcomings in matching adaptation support organized through the UNFCCC with local adaptation needs, including complications stemming from the bureaucratic nature of formal adaptation support mechanisms, the intervening role of the state in delivering aid, and the ways in which these complexities intersect with the specific socio-cultural contexts of mountain communities. It concludes by highlighting several prospects for increasing the quantity and quality of adaptation support to mountain communities. These opportunities are considered alongside several salient concerns about formal adaptation support mechanisms in an effort to provide a well-rounded assessment of the prospects for planned adaptations in high mountain communities.

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Section: Nepal Case Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

From needs to actions: prospects for planned adaptations in high mountain communities

et al. 2020

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“…News of moderate policies on crossing the border spread fast in Tsum, and rural inhabitants, anticipating the opening up of opportunities, combined the earthquake compensation from the Nepali government with their individual savings from the collection and sale of yartsagunbu, the profitable caterpillar fungus, to invest in the construction of large guesthouses, private homes, and shops, as well as in the scaling up of trade, thus making the earthquakes a truly 'lucrative disaster' (Paudel et al 2020; see also Bennike 2019).46 The intense accumulation of capital in Tsum reflects the creative potential of border communities to navigate the opportunities and constraints across the borderland, revealing how everyday life in rural economies is understood on the ground.…”

Section: Disciplining the Margins Through Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development Zones in Asian Borderlands

Chettri¹,

Eilenberg

2021

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Development Zones in Asian Borderlands maps the nexus between global capital flows, national economic policies, infrastructural connectivity, migration, and aspirations for modernity in the borderlands of South and South-East Asia. In doing so, it demonstrates how these are transforming borderlands from remote, peripheral backyards to front-yards of economic development and state-building. Development zones encapsulate the networks, institutions, politics and processes specific to enclave development, and offer a new analytical framework for thinking about borderlands; namely, as sites of capital accumulation, territorialisation and socio-spatial changes.

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“…For instance, major investments in hydropower in Nepal involve speculation about economic futures as well as seismic risk (Lord 2018), and the prospect of an oil boom in São Tomé and Príncipe has spawned anticipatory strategies to mitigate a "resource curse" yet to come (Weszkalnys 2014). Yet, anticipatory aspirations are not limited to the sites of modernist schemes; they are also at work in the remote Himalayan countryside (Bennike 2020).…”

Section: Futurity: Anticipation and Transformationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These visions of alternative futures, we argue, always entail negotiations over the meaning of self and community. The mobilisation of aspirations is a core element in contemporary approaches to rural development that interpellate rural residents as entrepreneurial subjects who are, indeed, expected to aspire (Rose 1992;Cross 2014, 135;Bröckling 2016; see also in the present issue Lyall, Colloredo-Mansfeld, and Quick 2020;and Bennike 2020). Yet, as "people encounter development in the process of trying to build something of their own" (Bebbington 2000, 513), rural aspirations stretch beyond their interpellation by such programmes.…”

Section: Between Subject and Collectivementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many of our collaborators in the field engage in a continuous assessment of transforming and uncertain rural landscapes, an active "looking at the situation" (Vigh 2009), with a view to acting on the future in the present. At the edge of capitalist integration, the anticipation of future booms shapes contemporary aspirations and real-life choices (Bennike 2020); busts are followed by the nostalgic reappropriation of ruined infrastructures in the pursuit of new aspirations (Dorondel and Şerban 2020;Lyall, Colloredo-Mansfeld, and Quick 2020); industrial agriculture expands (Jakobsen and Nielsen 2020); and rural aspirations take non-agrarian paths (Bennike 2020;Dorondel and Şerban 2020;Rasmussen 2020). All the while, migration and abandonment remain perennial options (Aguilar-Støen 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Agrarian crossroads: rural aspirations and capitalist transformation

Bennike

Rasmussen

Nielsen

2020

Canadian Journal of Development Studies / Revue canadienne d'ét

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Aspirations bring different versions of the future into the present. This introductory essay asks what we can learn by attending to the myriad ways in which rural subjects and collectivities articulate and institutionalise aspirations. We argue that aspirations are conditioned by constellations of power, which shape what can be done and what can be imagined. These visions of alternative futures can be either affirmative or transformative, but will always entail negotiations over the meaning of self and community. This conceptualisation cautions against policymaking based on individualised aspirations, and invites readers to inquire into how rural populations negotiate and embrace, accommodate or reject rural transformations. RÉSUMÉLes aspirations ramènent différentes versions du futur dans le présent. Cet essai d'introduction demande ce que nous pouvons apprendre en examinant les nombreuses façons dont les individus en milieu rural et les collectivités articulent et institutionnalisent les aspirations. Nous soutenons que les aspirations sont conditionnées par des constellations de pouvoir qui façonnent ce que l'on peut faire et imaginer. Ces visions de futurs différents peuvent être soit affirmatives ou transformatrices, mais elles entraîneront toujours des négociations sur le sens du soi et de la communauté. Cette conceptualisation met en garde contre l'élaboration de politiques fondées sur l'individualisation des aspirations. Elle invite les lecteurs à réfléchir aux façons dont les populations locales négocient puis embrassent ou rejettent les transformations rurales ou s'y accommodent.

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Himalayan futures: tourism and the anticipation of development

Cited by 15 publications

References 41 publications

From needs to actions: prospects for planned adaptations in high mountain communities

From needs to actions: prospects for planned adaptations in high mountain communities

Development Zones in Asian Borderlands

Agrarian crossroads: rural aspirations and capitalist transformation

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